Foe itai- 1 * 



the; milk peddler: Caracas, Venezuela 



pounds. While ten out of every seven- 

 teen pounds of our butter is produced on 

 the farm, nearly all of our cheese is made 

 in factories (see page 67). 



MILK FROM MANY ANIMALS USED 



Milk is used everywhere that man 

 lives, and it is secured from many differ- 

 ent kinds of animals. Around the Arctic 

 Ocean the Laplander milks his reindeer 

 and freezes the milk into blocks to keep 

 until needed ; in the desert regions of 

 Asia and Africa the natives drink the 

 milk of camels and donkeys ; in western 

 Asia there are wandering Tatar tribes 

 who live largely on mare's milk. In many 

 countries the goat is the poor man's cow, 

 while sheep milk is widely used in the 

 manufacture of cheese in Europe. 



In recent years Russia has built up a 

 large dairy industry in Siberia, and be- 

 fore the war great express trains, sweep- 

 ing across two continents, carrying noth- 

 ing but dairy products, were a striking 

 object-lesson of the world's craving for 

 butter and cheese. The Chinese, Ko- 

 reans, and Japanese use comparatively 

 little milk, their countries being too popu- 



lous to admit of the keeping of many 

 cows. 



BUTTER AND CHEESE TRADE 



Little Denmark leads all the countries 

 of the world in the exportation of dairy 

 products, and Danish butter is known 

 wherever good living is enjoyed. Danish 

 dairymen have been imported to all parts 

 of the temperate world to teach the 

 secrets of high-class dairying (see page 



45)- 



The volume of butter which in normal 



times reaches the channels of interna- 

 tional trade amounts to 728,000,000 

 pounds, which is less than half of the 

 butter production of the United States 

 alone. The per capita consumption of 

 butter in the United States is about 17 

 pounds. On the same basis, Germany 

 would consume 1,139,000,000 pounds. In 

 1913 that country imported 122,000,000 

 pounds more than it exported. 



It will be seen from this that if she 

 normally uses as much butter as we do, 

 her shortage would be 10.7 per cent. 

 However, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, 

 and Holland have about 326,000,000 



4S 



