Photograph from Osborn's "Men of The Old Stone Age' : 

 UNDER THE SHELTER OE THESE ROCKS WAS FOUND A SKELETON OE THE CRO-MAGNON 

 RACE OF HUNTER-ARTISTS WHO ENTERED EUROPE 13,000 YEARS AGO 



ing — before we get our next glimpse of a 

 near-human predecessor of ours. This 

 is the Heidelberg man, who lived in the 

 warm second interglacial period referred 

 to above, surrounded by a fauna of huge 

 or fearsome beasts, which included the 

 saber-tooth and the hippopotamus, and 

 also rhinoceroses and elephants of south- 

 ern type. 



He was a chinless being, whose jaw 

 was still so primitive that it must have 

 made his speech imperfect; and he was 

 so much lower than any existing savage 

 as to be at least specifically distinct — 

 that is, he can be called "human" only if 

 the word is used with a certain largeness. 



Again we make a long skip — this time 

 of somewhat over a hundred thousand 



years — and come to the Piltdown man, or 

 near-man — a being seemingly little far- 

 ther advanced than the man of Heidel- 

 berg, and in some ways less so, for he 

 possessed apelike canine teeth. As re- 

 gards all of these very early near-human 

 remains, there is room for considerable 

 difference of opinion not only as to their 

 exact relationships and their standing on 

 the man-phylum, but as to their age, both 

 absolutely, and relatively to other human 

 remains and to the remains of the great 

 Pleistocene faunas (see picture, p. 119). 



A RACE THAT WAS CONTENT TO LIVE IN 

 CAVES FOR FIFTY THOUSAND YEARS 



The next race was that of the Nean- 

 derthal men, much more modern and 



123 



