Photograph and copyright by Underwood & Underwood 



A TROOP OF NORTHWEST MOUNTED POLICE: REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA 



For individual bravery, dashing horsemanship, and general all-around ability for keeping 

 order in unruly territory, the Canadian Northwest Mounted Police have established an effi- 

 ciency record that would be extremely difficult for a similar organization to equal. Through 

 their efforts there is a wholesome fear of the law in the most outlying districts, for the man 

 who commits a crime in the most remote section of the wilderness feels sooner or later the 

 hand of one of these troopers upon his shoulder. 



concern. Moreover, by taking part in the 

 responsibilities of local government, citi- 

 zens would secure a training which would 

 fit them for the better discharge of the 

 duties of general administration. 



In all these respects the report of Lord 

 Durham was followed by the British 

 Parliament in its Union Act of 1840. In 

 one respect they did not yield to Dur- 

 ham's advice. Durham recommended the 

 denationalization of French Canada, ad- 

 vocated the gradual substitution of the 

 English for the French language, and the 

 making of Quebec an English province 

 by methods that would today be regarded 

 as coercive. He thought this was essen- 

 tial for the strength of the colony as a 

 British possession. The guaranties of 

 the Quebec Act of 1774 were, however, 

 not departed from. 



The first Parliament of the United 

 Canadas met in 1841. The act provided 

 for a legislative council of 20 members 



and a legislative assembly of 84 mem- 

 bers and gave to the two provinces (Up- 

 per and Lower Canada) equal represen- 

 tation in each body.' 



ALE THE CANADIAN PROVINCES BECOME 

 UNITED 



Under this act Canada proceeded to 

 real self-government. Her legislature 

 took complete control of the civil list in 

 the post-office and freed her from all in- 

 terference by the imperial government in 

 all matters affecting her trade and com- 

 merce, including the previous imperial 

 legislation which had imposed duties on 

 goods imported from foreign countries 

 into the colony and had prevented the 

 free dealing between Canada and other 

 nations. 



Lord Durham was succeeded by Lord 

 Sydenham, and after him came Lord El- 

 gin. These statesmen carried on the gov- 

 ernment under the Union Act with 



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