98 



PISCES 



two dorsal series, two ventral series, and a paired series supporting the lateral 

 line. D. scutatus, Ag. Upper Cretaceous ; Westphalia. 



Leptotrachelus, W. v. d. Marck (Triaenaspis, Cope). As Bercetis, but dorsal 

 fin not occupying more than middle third of back, and anal fin behind it. 

 L. triqueter, Pict. sp., and other species from the Cretaceous of the Lebanon, 

 Westphalia, and South Dakota, U.S.A. L. lewesiensis, Mant. sp., from English 

 Chalk. 



Pelargorhynchus, v. d. Marck. Upper Cretaceous ; Westphalia. 



Stratodus, Cope. Premaxilla short, Avith several rows of teeth ; palatine 

 and mandibular teeth large, numerous, in several rows, all with pulp cavity. 

 Upper Cretaceous ; Kansas. 



Family 11. Enchodontidae. Smith Woodward (Hoplopleuridae, Pictet p.p.). 



Rapacious fishes ivith more or less fusiform trunk. Parietal bones very small, ' 

 separated by the supraoccipital ; delicate premaxilla extended and nearly excluding the 

 rod-like maxilla from the margin of the upper jaw, which bears very small teeth ; 

 powerful teeth fused with the palato-pterygoid and dentary bones. Vertebral centra 

 robust, none with transverse processes. A small adipose fin probably present behind 

 the single dorsal fin. No scales ; but a median series of dorsal bony scutes, and often 

 a paired series of similar scutes supporting the lateral line. Cretaceous. 



Enchodus, Ag. {Eurygnatlius, Davis ; Ischyrocephalus, v. d. Marck ; Holcodon, 

 Ki'amb.), (Fig. 174). The largest and longest tooth at the anterior end of the 



palatine ; large teeth of 

 dentary spaced, increas- 

 ing in length to the sym- 

 physis. External bones 

 more or less tuberculated. 

 Three or four oval median 

 scutes between the occiput 

 and dorsal fin ; an adipose 

 dorsal on the tail ; caudal 

 fin forked. No postclavi- 

 cular plate ; no scutes 

 along course of lateral line, but a recurved booklet on each side of the caudal 

 pedicle. E. lewesiensis, Mant. sp., from the Lower Chalk, S.-E. England. 

 Well-preserved skeletons of other sjDecies in the Upper Cretaceous of West- 

 phalia and the Lebanon. Fragments in the Upper Cretaceous of North 

 America, and Maastricht Beds, Holland. 



Eurypholis, Pictet {Saurorhamphus, Heckel). As Enchodus, but a large 

 postclavicular plate, and well-developed scutes along the course of the latei:al 

 line. E. boissieri, Pictet, from Upper Cretaceous of Hakel, Mount Lebanon. 

 An imperfectly known species, erroneously restored by Heckel under the name 

 of Saurorhamphus freyeri. Heck., from Lower Cretaceous, Comen, Istria. 



Cimolichthys, Leidy. Largest teeth in middle of palato-pterygoid arcade 

 semi-barbed at apex. Clustered teeth in mandible, with simply pointed larger 

 teeth at intervals. C. lewesiensis, Leidy, from Lower Chalk, S.-E. England. 

 The semi-barbed teeth common in the European Chalk, known also in North 

 America. 



Frionolepis, Egert.; Leptecodon, AVilliston. Upper Cretaceous. 



Fig. 174. 



Imperfect dentary bone of Enchodus lewesiensis, Mant. sp. 

 Lower Chalk ; Lewes (after Agassiz). 



