SUB-CLASS TI 



TELEOSTEI 



103 



Family 1. Scombresocidae. 



PremaxiUa and maxilla forming margin of uj>pe7' jaw. Pectoral fins sometimes 

 much enlarged, wing-like ; pelvic fins abdominal ; dorsal fin remote, opposite the anal 

 fin ; all fin rays articulated and flexible. Sccdes cycloid. Eocene to Recent. 



Holosteus, Ag., from the Upper Eocene of Monte Bolca, and extinct species 

 of Belone, Cuv., and Scombresox, Lacep., from the Miocene of Europe, are 

 referred to this family. 



Family 2. Pomacentridae. 



Short, laterally compressed, spiny-finned fishes, with ctenoid scales. .Dentition 

 feeble. Palatines toothless. Pelvic fins thoracic, with one spine and five divided rays ; 

 dorsal fin extended, with numerous spines ; anal fin loith two or three spines. Eocene 

 to Recent. 



Here are placed Odonteus, Ag., from the Upper Eocene of Monte Bolca, 

 and Priscacara, Cope, from the Eocene Green River Shales of Wyoming. 



Family 3. Labridae. Wrasses. 



Brilliantly coloured fishes with cycloid scales and thick fleshy lips. Teeth 

 margin of jaws powerful; palate toothless. United lower 

 pharyngeals much thickened and forming a plate beset with 

 rounded, rarely acuminate grinding teeth ; upper pharyngeals 

 usually separate, bearing similar teeth. Eocene to Recent. 



The wrasses chiefly inhabit tropical seas at the present 

 day. 



Phyllodus, Ag. (Fig. 180). Known only by pharyngeals 

 beai'ing smooth, thin, flattened grinding teeth. Grinding 

 surface of upper plate slightly concave, lower convex. 

 Teeth arranged in rows, the middle row large. Several 

 layers of successional teeth usually lie beneath those in 

 function. Eocene and Miocene ; Europe and North 

 America. 



Nummopalatus, Rouault (Pharyngodopilus, Cocchi), (Fig. 

 181). Lower pharyngeals triangular, covered with a pavement of numerous, 



small, round or oblong grinding teeth, 

 of which there are always several 

 superimposed layers. Upper phaiyn- 

 geals separate, triangular, covered with 

 grinding teeth. Eocene ; Virginia. 

 Miocene and Pliocene ; Europe. 



Taurinichthys, Cocchi. Miocene. 

 Fig. isi. The existing genera Labrus, Artedi, 



Nummopalatus miiUide7is, Mtinst. sp. Miocene ; Neu- and Sccirus, Forsk., are also represented 



dorfl a. d. March. ^, Lower pharyngeal with dentition. • ,i tt rn ,• • 



-B, An upper pharyngeal. Nat. size. in the Upper iertiaries. 



Fig. ISO. 



Phyllodus medius, Ag. 

 Lower pharyngeal denti- 

 tion, nat. size. London 

 Clay ; Sheppey (after 

 Cocchi). 



