HOLLIES AND MAPLES ATTACKED,, 45 



THE SUMAC -FAMILY (ANACARDIACE^). 



Yellow-bellied sapsuckers attack one of the nine native trees of this 

 family. 



Smoke tree (Ootinus americanus) . — Huntsville, Ala. (A. M. 136). 



THE HOLLY FAMILY (AQUIPOLIACE^). 



The genus Ilex includes all (11) arborescent species of this family 

 occurring in the United States. Five of these species are known to 

 be attacked by sapsuckers, and at least one of them ( Ilex cassine) to 

 be killed. Nearly all the hollies are planted for ornament. The sap- 

 sucker pecking disfigures the smooth gray or white bark and some- 

 times results in the death of the trees. 



LIST OP AQUIPOLIACE^E ATTACKED. 



Holly (Ilex decidua). — Red River Valley, Ark., Hough. 

 Holly (Ilex montana). — Allegheny Mountains, N. C, Hough. 

 Holly ( Hex cassine) . — Cottonport and Longbridge, La. 

 Youpon (Ilex vomitoria) . — Church Island, N. C. 

 Holly (Ilex opaca). — Matteson, Miss. (F.); Fannin County, Ga., 

 November 29, 1909 (F.); Tennessee (A. M. 129); Abbeville, La. 



THE MAPLES (ACERACE^). 



The single genus of this family in the United States consists of 21 

 species, 9 of which are attacked by sapsuckers, 2 sometimes being 

 killed. Sapsucker work is recorded for 1 introduced species. Evi- 

 dently in some localities maples are great favorites with the sapsuck- 

 ers, and many valuable ornamental trees are killed. 



LIST OP ACERACE.E ATTACKED. 



Striped maple (Acer pennsylvanicwn) . — Western Maine, Wm. 

 Brewster; Lewis County, N. Y., Hough. 



Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) . — Smithsonian grounds, 

 District of Columbia. 



Shver maple (Acer saccharinum) . — Illinois (F. 26411 and 26492); 

 Indiana, Butler (1897). 



Red maple (Acer rubrum). — Bolles describes sapsucker work on 

 the red maple as follows: 



The drills made by the woodpeckers began 18 feet from the ground and formed a 

 girdle entirely around the trunk. The girdle contained over 800 punctures and was 

 about 3 feet in height. In places the punctures or drills had run together causing the 

 bark to gap and show dry wood within. . . . The leaves on branches above the 

 drills drooped; those below were in good condition. 



Bendire says the bird "is partial to the . . . red . . . maple/' 

 and "Hermit" states that "red maples . . . were dead or dying" 



