78 



WOODPECKERS IN RELATION TO TREES. 



work and few of the accompanying blemishes. The matter is of no 

 consequence in wood intended for crates, boxes, and composition 

 boards. But tulip lumber figures extensively as a finishing material, 



often being stained to imitate mahog- 

 any. The writer has gone over much 

 tulip veneer, and can state with con- 

 fidence that the percentage of material 

 showing blemishes from sapsucker 

 work is considerable. 



m 



; : /' 



as* 





the pawpaws and pond apples 

 (anonace^e). 



A large sapsucker peck in the wood 

 of one specimen (A. M.) of pawpaw 

 is not healed but is filled with an in- 

 tensely black deposit. 



THE LAUREL FAMILY (LAUPACE^E). 



r,,,s.-Eiiccisofsapsuckerwor k onwood The three species of this family in 



of slippery elm (Ulmus julva). Large {llC wood of which blemishes due to 



thcik;,ndslains - sapsuckers have been noted arc all 



seriously affected. The defects observed in the three species have 

 little in common except a tendency to extensive lateral staining 

 around the injured wood rings. 



Red bay (P< / - 

 sea borhonia) . — A 

 large proportion 

 of red bay trees 

 are vigorously 

 attacked by 

 sapsuckers, and 



the resulting blem- 

 ishes are severe. 

 Cluarly open < avi- 

 ties are produced, 

 accompanied by 

 dark brown or 

 black stains which 

 extend Ear along 

 the grain and are 

 sometimes contin- 

 uous around the W 



C\ 



Fig. 29.— Effects of sapsucker work on wood of hackberry ((Wis missis- 



sippu nsis). Stains and loosely filled checks. 



d rings (fig. 30). Many of the wounds take 15 

 to 20 years to heal, producing open fissures extending outward an 

 inch or more. These fissures may be half an inch long vertically 



