22 Anniversary Address. 



Further particulars relating to the diaraondbeds of Brazil may 

 be found in a paper by M. Pissis in the journal just cited (Tom. 

 xiii). 



One passage seems to bear upon certain facts observable in 

 Australia. He says, " to these stratified rocks we must add 

 compact Diorites, which show themselves abundantly distributed 

 on the surface, sometimes forming long lines o± hills, sometimes 

 simple mamelons in which the matter appears to have been poured 

 out in the manner of basalts, producing long sheets which cover 

 the last beds of the limestones, whether siliceous or schistose." 

 He then goes on to speak of the sandstones which underlie the 

 limestones, and which are to be regarded as the true matrix 

 of the diamond. " Thus, of all the rivers of the province of St. 

 Paul those only which flow over the sandstones are diamond 

 bearing." And instancing the Eio Guarahi, he says it leaps over 

 the escarpment where it forms several cataracts, cutting through 

 the various beds of Sandstones and Psammites, and it is only 

 below the cascades that you begin to find diamonds, a similar 

 remark to that of M. Claussen in relation to the Coal measures. 



Other facts worthy of mention may occur in Captain Burton's 

 work on the " Siglilands of Brazil,'' but as I have never yet seen 

 a copy of that work, I have not referred to it. 



DIAMONDS IK IlfDIA. 



"We may now turn to another quarter. India was renowned 

 as a diamond country long before Brazil ; Tavernier mention^ 

 diamonds in 1612. 



In 1814, Dr. Heyne published some tracts on India, in which 

 he described the diamond mines of Southern India, showing that 

 a conglomerate caps the Cuddapah Hills ; and he adds, wherever 

 diamonds are found they are in alluvia and recent deposits iu 

 which the rounded pebbles are so numerous as to produce the 

 conglomerate character. 



In 1832, Mr. Cullinger published in a Calcutta periodical — 

 " Grleanings in Silence" — some notes on the geology of the 

 country between Saugor and Mirzapore, in which he mentions 

 the occurrence of diamonds in solid sandstone underlying chlorite 

 slate, and also in a ferruginous agglomerate, of which he gives 

 several localities. 



