92 MARINE AND FRESHWATER FISHES 



Germany, the tint of which is, however, a paler yellow, more 

 resembling that of the cowslip or primrose, variously mottled 

 with black or brown ; this form, which is popularly known 

 by the name of the Golden Tench, or " Gold Schlei," is 

 well represented in the tanks in the Buckland Museum. 



FAMILY VI.— Herring Tribe {Clupeidce). 



Body, excepting the head, covered with scales ; the 

 abdomen commonly compressed and with a serrated edge ; 

 no barbels ; the margin of the upper jaw composed of the 

 maxillary and intermaxillary bones ; no adipose fin ; the 

 dorsal fin not elongated ; all gill-openings usually very wide ; 

 air-bladder more or less simple. 



This highly important fish group includes as many as 

 half-a-dozen species indigenous to British waters, and a large 

 number of exotic forms distributed throughout the tem- 

 perate and tropical seas, many entering and thriving in fresh 

 waters that communicate freely with the ocean. All the 

 British species are of such great economic value, that their full 

 description is appropriately left for the handbooks treating 

 upon the food question, little more than a mere summary 

 being here given of their respective names. First on the list 

 comes the Anchovy {Engraulis encrassicholus), No. 175, a 

 species occurring occasionally, according to Couch, in such 

 abundance off the Cornish coast, that with the use of proper 

 appliances it might be developed into an important fishery, 

 whereas at present the entire bulk of this piquant fish, utilised 

 in various ways in English cookery, is derived from the 

 Mediterranean. Examples of the Anchovy, the first accli- 

 matised in this country, were successfully imported by the 

 writer in the year 1875, from Morecambe Bay to the tanks 

 of the Manchester Aquarium. The Common Herring 



