THE ORIGIN OF MAN 85 



in the Lower Miocene, and in addition there were 

 hornless deer and antlered deer-antelopes that 

 were slender and graceful little creatures. 

 Among the carnivores, the dog kinds were in 

 great variety, some small, others as large as the 

 largest bears. True cats appeared here for the 

 first time, and the sabre-toothed tigers were plen- 

 tiful though not large. There were also weasels, 

 martens, otters and raccoons. During the Plio- 

 cene, of the mastodons there were several species ; 

 the horses in considerable variety remained three- 

 toed; llamas and the tallest giraffe-like camels 

 continued to live; rhinoceroses with and without 

 horns were present ; sabre-toothed tigers and true 

 cats existed, some of them as large as a lion. 

 Strange to say that as it is assumed that all mam- 

 mals had their origin in Asia with the exception 

 of camels, which originated in the Upper Eocene 

 of North America and had a complete develop- 

 ment in the Tertiary, they are today found in 

 Asia, and likewise the llamas are at the present 



