144 



sions ; the third plate is single, but only reaches two-thirds across the 

 surface, there being probably a mammillary process underneath the thick 

 coat of cement which covers the surface exterior to it ; the three posterior 

 plates present three mammillary processes, the middle one of much 

 greater transverse extent than the marginal mammillae ; in the posterior 

 plate only the three divisions of the middle mammillary process are ex- 

 posed. In this molar the plicated enamel is as thin, and the cement as 

 thick, as in the preceding specimens, which appear, with the present, to 

 have belonged to the same Mammoth or variety of Mammoth. 



From drift or pleistocene beds in Staffordshire. Mus. Parkinson. 



Mr. Parkinson, from whose collection this tooth was acquired, by 

 purchase, has figured its grinding surface in his ' Organic Remains,' vol. 

 iii. pi. xx. fig. 6 ; and he believed the specimen to differ from every 

 other Mammoth's molar that had come to his knowledge, " in the great 

 thickness of the plates, the smoothness of the sides of the line of enamel, 

 and the appearance of the digitated part of the plates even in the anterior 

 part of the tooth." The festooned disposition of the enamel, though 

 slighter than usual, is clearly manifested in the anterior lamellae. The 

 specimen is the posterior part of a large grinder ; the superior thickness 

 of the plates arises from the circumstance of the posterior plates being 

 shorter than the anterior ones ; these thick plates are more deeply cleft 

 on their digitated summits, are longer and advance further forward upon 

 the grinding surface of the molar before they are worn down to their 

 common base. This molar has the characters of the thick-plated variety 

 exaggerated, with a deeper division of the plates into the mammilloid or 

 digital processes. It manifests the more constant and characteristic modi- 

 fications of the grinding teeth of the Elephas primigenlus, in its great 

 relative breadth, and, notwithstanding their thickness, in the number of 

 the plates (nine) which have been exposed by attrition. 



600. The upper molar of a Mammoth : the grinding surface, which is six inches 

 and a half in length, includes twenty lamellae ; four mammillary processes 

 are abraded in the posterior plate ; the two lateral ones are blended 

 together on one side in each of the two plates next in advance. In the 

 number and thinness of the plates this tooth resembles that of the 



