38 NOETLING : PETROLEUM IN BURMA. 



(e) About 24 feet east of (d) was a crater-like circular basin, 

 filled to the rim with very liquid mud, which slowly flowed over ; 

 gas bubbles were rising continuously. The temperature of the mud 

 was 78 F. 



(/) Five feet east of (e) was a small hole filled with very viscous 

 mud at 8o° F., in which small gas bubbles rose slowly. 



(g) South of it, and in the continuation of the line of vents (c), 

 was a small cone about 3 feet high, built up of flakes of mud which 

 spurted out from the vent. It was entirely extinct and at the time 

 surrounded by more recent streams of mud. The smell of petroleum 

 was strong everywhere, and the mud was covered with a black film. 



From the above description it is clear that mud volcano No. 2 

 has retained its low conical shape during the last seven years. It also 

 seems as if the number of main vents remained the same, but I am 

 certain that their position has shifted, although I am unable to say to 

 what extent and in what direction. The nature of the mud thrown 

 out has not changed since 1888, and although there are traces of a 

 cone, the force was apparently insufficient to eject it to any distance. 

 In 1888 the temperature of the mud varied from 75 F. to 82 F. ; in 

 1895 the lowest temperature recorded was 78 , while the highest was 

 84 F. All the vents seemed to work independently, although it 

 must be noticed that when No. 1 had its paroxysms, No. 2 simul- 

 taneously spurted out large gas bubbles. 



No, j. — With this a group of mud volcanoes begins, which have 

 all thrown up cones ; No. 3 is a double cone, that is to say, on 

 a common basis of about 100 feet in length, rise two cones to about 

 3o feet above the ground, separated from each other by a saddle of 

 about 25 feet in width. In 1888 No. 3 (a) was very active, there were 

 three vents, out of which flowed a small stream of viscous mud ; 

 the temperatures recorded were 69 , 75 , 77 F. 



In 1889 there existed only one vent at the top of the cone, having 

 a diameter of about half a foot. The mud did not rise to the rim, but 

 remained about 5 feet below it, in a sort of narrow funnel ; occa- 

 sionally gas bubbles rose with some force, by which flakes of very 



( 84 ) 



