18 QUADRUMANA. 



The liver is divided into three lobes, besides the lobulus Spigelii. The 

 middle lobe of the three is by much the largest, and the left the smallest. 

 The middle lobe has a fissure in it, into which passes the hgamentum 

 rotundum as in the human, from which along the upper surface passes 

 the falciform ligament. On the right of this fissure, and on the under 

 side, is attached the gall-bladder, much as in the human. 



The spleen is a flat triangular body, not situated so high up and back- 

 ward as in the human. One angle is attached to the stomach, another 

 to the kidney, and the other to the epiploon. The kidneys were conglo- 

 bate, and the right stands about an inch higher than the left. The 

 mediastinum is about an inch broad. The pericardium adhered by a broad 

 surface to the diaphragm, therefore the inferior vena cava is short. 



The lungs on the right side are divided into three lobes, besides the 

 lobe that lies behind the vena cava inferior, which is small on account 

 of the shortness of the vena cava inferior. The lungs on the left side 

 are divided into two lobes, the uppermost of which is half divided. 



The bladder is connected anteriorly and laterally to the surrounding 

 parts, as in the human subject. The bladder and vesiculae seminales 

 adhere to the rectum by a broad surface. The scrotum is placed a con- 

 siderable way down between the thighs, to which it is attached laterally 

 through almost its whole length, so that it does not hang pendulous. 

 The testicles are large, connected posteriorly to the tunica vaginalis by a 

 thin membrane. The spermatic chord is long, and is connected in the 

 same manner to the tunica vaginalis through its whole length ; but 

 where it passes through the abdominal muscles, this attachment is very 

 narrow ; but when it has emerged from the belly, it becomes broader and 

 broader as it approaches the testicle. Upon this membrane passes up 

 the vas deferens ; the testicle has the artery running under the tunica 

 albuginea in convolutions the same as in the quadruped. 



The tunica vaginalis communicates with the abdomen, and at its be- 

 ginning, where it passes through the abdominal muscles, it is small, but 

 from thence becomes larger and larger to the testicle. The cremaster 

 muscle, which is very strong, is spread on the external surface of the 

 tunica vaginalis. The penis in its flaccid state lies between the two 

 testicles, the prepuce not projecting beyond the scrotum, all making one 

 flat surface between thigh and thigh : there is no frasnum. The peri- 

 neum is continued from the anus down to the lower edge of the 

 scrotum. 



The penis, as it comes out from the pubis, rather descends ; it does 

 not come along the pubis as in the quadruped ; and, as the direction of 

 the pubis is more in the line of direction of the animal, the penis 

 in a flaccid state comes out from it at right angles, and, afterwards 



