CANIS FAMILIARIS. 61 



good way from the angle that the gut makes with the outer skin, and 

 therefore this fluid or mucus cannot have any effect on the operation of 

 expulsion. 



The epiploon is attached to the whole great curvature of the stomach, 

 to the left eras of the diaphragm, and to the mesocolon upon the left 

 side ; posteriorly the epiploon is attached to the lower edge of the 

 pancreas ; on towards the right, where it joins to the anterior, it was 

 attached to the stomach, heing very broad, enveloping the whole intes- 

 tines. The ramifications of fat attend those of the arteries : the mem- 

 branous part is not complete, but is rather a network. The small 

 epiploon is very large and loose. 



The length of the small intestines is 19 feet, the length of the great 

 ones is 4 feet 3 inches 1 . 



The liver is pretty thin, lying close to the diaphragm ; the lower 

 edge does not pass down before the stomach as in the human : it is 

 divided into five lobes, besides the lobulus Spigelii. The gall-bladder is 

 attached to the third lobe from the right, which is the middle lobe ; and 

 this is partially divided into two, having the gall-bladder betwixt them ; 

 the biliary ducts enter the duodenum about 3 inches below the pylorus, 

 by the same nipple, but by two distinct orifices. The ductus cysticus 

 is pretty large, and looks like the stem leading from the gall-bladder 

 to the duodenum; and the ductus hepaticus has branches dipping into 

 it, three or four in number. 



The pancreas is about a foot long; 5 inches of which lie across 

 the spine attached to the splenic vessels upon the left, but is loose, or 

 only attached by a thin membrane to the mesocolon : the remaining 

 part lies in the right side in the doubling of the mesentery belonging 

 to the duodenum ; so these two portions make a pretty sharp angle with 

 themselves, and this angle adheres closely to the duodenum, where the 

 ducts enter. The two ducts of the pancreas unite into one, and that 

 trunk enters by the hepatic. 



The spleen is an oblong body, near a foot long, 3 inches broad at 

 some parts, not above half that at others, and is attached to the 

 stomach by the epiploon, and to the back also, in [the duplicature of] 

 which pass the splenic vessels-. 



The kidneys are conglobate, and much looser than in the human 

 subject 2 . The capsula renalis is very small. That of the right side 



1 [These admeasurements would apply to a dog measuring 3 feet from the muzzle 

 to the root of the tail : in a wolf the small intestines were 15 feet; the colon 2 feet: 

 see Home, Comp. Anat. i. p. 441.] 



2 [Hunt. Prep. No. 1236.] 



