LUTRA VULGARIS. 73 



in its duct ; for both pass in one direct line about 2 inches from the 

 pylorus. The second lobe from the left is to be considered as one loose 

 lobe, having two large fissures in it ; one for the umbilical vein, the 

 other for the gall-bladder. The ligamentum latum is very thin, and is 

 perforated like a net. The duct enters the duodenum, but before it 

 enters it becomes pretty large 1 . The gall was thin, and of a light 

 yellow. The lobidus Spigelii is a good deal the shape of a spleen or dog's 

 tongue, and lies in the curve or bend of the stomach just fitting that place. 



The great pancreas lies across the spine only in the doubling of the 

 epiploon, which might be called mesopancreatic. Along the lower edge 

 of the pancreas there is a membrane which is like a net, and bends the 

 pancreas ; it also unites it on the right to the vena cava. The other 

 pancreas is in a doubling of the mesoduodenum, close to the gut in its 

 whole course : then the most distant part from the head of the pancreas 

 leaves the duodenum, where it is going to pass across the spine, and 

 passes up behind the root of the mesenteric vein, and joins the lower 

 edge of the transverse pancreas, which is only seen on the posterior 

 surface. The pancreas is somewhat triangular like the spleen, having 

 a posterior surface and an anterior one, which are broad ; and an inferior 

 surface, which is narrow. The great epiploon is attached to the inferior 

 and anterior edge, and there is a very thin membrane that is attached 

 to the inferior posterior, which is attached to the left of the mesentery, 

 or attaches the spleen to it. The two ducts unite into one just at the 

 duodenum, and enter by the ducts of the liver. 



The spleen is long and large for the size of the animal; it is very 

 much detached from the stomach. 



The little and large epiploons are like a net. The large one covers all 

 the intestines, and passes a little behind them, round the circumference 

 of the whole ; it is attached to the large curve of the stomach, to the 

 beginning of the duodenum ; and to the lower edge of the transverse 

 pancreas and to the spleen, to the diaphragm above ; and from the upper 

 edge of the pancreas and the spleen, it passes- on to the back. 



The otter has very small eyes. There is..a ' membrana nictitans ' that 

 can cover the whole eye, which is attached to the brim of the orbit. 

 The lower lid has muscular fibres and tendinous ones. The caruncula 

 lacrymalis is a gland, and the orifices of the ducts open on the most 

 prominent part of the caruncula. There is a pigmentum nigrum on 

 both sides [of the choroid, forming a] distinct coat on the inside. 



The kidneys are conglomerated like the bear's. 



1 [T found a similar biliary receptacle, with thick coats, in the otter dissected at the 

 Zoological Gardens. In the same animal the spleen was 4^ inches long, flat, and 

 notched at both extremities.] 



