CAPRA HIRCUS. 149 



from a gland. This opening is very large, lined by the common skin, 

 and having short hairs growing in it. The animal has the power of 

 dilating it ; and I conceived it was then angry. I could only find two 

 nipples 1 . 



The upper lip was continued into the fore-part of the roof of the 

 mouth, there being no fixed ridge similar to a gum : it was moveable 

 here where it turned in ; so that, by moving the extremity of the upper 

 lip, it opposed different parts of this lip to the teeth of the lower jaw. 



Of a Goat [Capra Hircus, Linn. 2 ]. 



The stomach 3 , especially the first bag, is more than three times larger 

 than all the other viscera together, filling up almost the whole cavity of 

 the belly : at its upper part, and on the left of the oesophagus, it adheres 

 to the diaphragm. 



The duodenum begins on the right side of the stomach, passes back 

 round the 'parson's-book ' to the angle between it and the 'honeycomb,' 

 by a mesentery : thence it passes down on the right side, making a fold 

 on itself, and is attached to the head of the pancreas ; then it passes 

 behind the mesentery, and comes out on the left side of it, forming the 

 jejunum, which, with the ileum, is attached to the edge of the mesentery, 

 which is a very thin membrane when not fat. These three intestines 

 are remarkably small, but the ileum is rather the largest, which is 

 gradually so to its termination. 



The caecum is about 9 inches long and 4 in circumference : its whole 

 length is attached to the ileum by a mesentery; at the termination 

 of the caecum and beginning of the colon the intestine is a little smaller. 

 The colon passes upwards, and a little backwards and downwards, 

 making a complete turn at its beginning ; and, when got on the posterior 

 edge of the mesentery belonging to the ileum, it becomes much smaller : 

 it makes an oval turn on the posterior surface of the said mesentery, 

 which is continued in a spiral manner within itself, making three com- 

 plete turns, which makes twelve pieces of gut in any transverse direction. 

 From another goat, where I took a very exact description, I have the 

 following : — " counting across these spiral turns of the colon, including 

 the caecum, makes thirteen turns, viz. four turns inwards and three 

 back again." From thence the colon turns back again, and comes out 

 in the same manner. It then passes along the mesentery, into the 

 doubling of the peritoneum that makes the mesentery, from right to 

 left, about an inch and a half from the intestines in general, but at some 



1 [There are but two in Antilope cei'vicapra.] 



2 [The skull is No. 3737, Osteol. Series.] 3 [Hunt, Preps. Nos. 557, 564.] 



