272 RAPTORES. 



the anterior edge of the sternum. This cell receives the three openings 

 of the lungs. The above-described partition is common to this cell, 

 and the capsule which encloses the liver and oesophagus, as it passes 

 between the lungs and the neck. There are a great many smaller cells 

 which communicate with the others. 



The air-bags in the abdomen differ from one another in different 

 birds. In some, as in the eagle, they are principally attached to the 

 diaphragm, kidneys, ribs, &c. ; but in many others these membranes 

 are attached to the intestines in many places, as in the bittern. 



The Black Eagle, or rather a dark brown with rough legs 

 \Aquila Chrysaetos in immature plumage]. 



The duodenum has a pretty broad mesentery, like a loose fold of 

 some of the other intestines : the jejunum is a loose intestine, strung 

 for some way, on a deeply scolloped mesentery : it then passes up 

 behind the stomach, adhering to it and to the root of the mesentery ; 

 next passes down the back, and makes another loose fold upon itself ; 

 then it forms the rectum. The anus is very large, and behind the 

 cloaca, the mesorectum divides, and makes a cavity like a pelvis. The 

 liver has two equal lobes ; the two ducts enter at the termination of 

 the duodenum, the hepatic first, the cystic last. The vein from the 

 abdominal muscles does not enter the liver at the edge, but passes down 

 below the heart, and enters the vena cava inferior just at the heart. 

 The pancreas is in two parts, one on each side of the mesentery, and 

 are short, only lying between the beginning and termination of the 

 duodenum ; they have but one duct, which enters the duodenum about 

 an inch before the entrance of the hepatic duct. 



The Dark-brown Eagle [The Sea-Eagle, Haliaetus albicilla } 8av.~\ . 



With yellow legs, not wholly covered with feathers 1 . This bird died 

 extremely fat, with all its parts very sound. The cavity of the abdomen 

 was much larger than the viscera which it contained, by which means 

 the different partitions and cells were very clear and observable. 



The intestines were enclosed laterally in a thin membrane, one on 

 each side, the edges of which are fixed as follows : the anterior edge 

 was fixed to the abdominal muscles almost their whole length ; the 

 superior edge on the left side was attached to the middle of the lower 

 part of the stomach, and was continued up on the posterior surface of 



1 [The upper part of the tarsus is plumed in the sea-eagle, and the entire tarsus 

 in the golden eagle.] 



