COLUMBA. 289 



pigeon. The duodenum is nearly the same, only that the pigeon's does 

 not run so parallel as the dove's ; for the last fold is a little loose or 

 serpentine. 



The duodenum of the pigeon, after its third or last turn, passes to 

 the back, then the intestine makes a turn down to the pelvis, but is 

 folded up again upon itself to the root of the mesentery, connected by a 

 very thin membrane that has no vessels upon it : from thence it makes 

 another fold which takes up nearly its whole length, but is somewhat 

 particular, for the guts are closely connected together, yet the mesentery 

 is a broad membrane behind them, common to both, and having an edge 

 that has no gut attached to it, along which pass the branches of the 

 mesenteric artery : this fold is very much convoluted. When the in- 

 testine has got to the root of the mesentery again, it makes another 

 turn for about 5 or 6 inches long : at the beginning of which there is a 

 small one. [The dove has not this.] jSTow that it has got to the root 

 of the mesentery for the third and last time, it passes back on the left 

 of the mesentery to the back, then passes down to the colon or rectum ; 

 and indeed the whole from the root of the mesentery to the anus may 

 be called the rectum. The cavity behind the anus [bursa Fabricii] is very 

 thick, and seems to be wholly glandular, of the conglomerated kind. 

 The ducts of the liver are two, as usual ; the large and short one enters 

 the duodenum near the stomach ; the small and long one is about the 

 middle of the last fold, midway between the second and third turns. 



The pancreatic ducts are three. One from the inferior lobe of the 

 anterior pancreas, passes upon the gut, and enters in its fore part a 

 little way above its second turn. The second duct, from the lower end 

 of the superior lobe of the anterior pancreas, passes along the mesentery 

 and enters the duodenum near the former, but at the place where the 

 mesentery is fixed. The third passes from the lower end of the posterior 

 pancreas, and enters pretty near the third bend of the duodenum, some 

 way above the insertion of the small duct of the liver. All these three 

 ducts pass into the gut just between the second and third fold. The 

 internal membrane of the crop in both is very thin and smooth 1 . 



A Brazil Dove. 



It has a crop. The stomach is like that of the common fowl : the 

 duodenum is as common : the jejunxim makes a long fold upon itself, 

 the two parts being very closely connected to one another, and it is 



1 [Hunt. Prep. No. 526. The change that takes place in the character of the 

 internal membrane of the crop during the breeding season is shown in Preps. Nos. 

 3737 — 3741 ; and described in the ' Animal Economy,' 8vo, p. 124.] 



