OTIS TARDA. 301 



it ; and it seems to have a sphincter. What the use of this is I don't 

 know. In a young cock-bustard about a year and a half old this pouch 

 did not exist ; therefore it becomes a question whether or not this is a 

 mark of age. The oesophagus is very large, for he swallows every 

 thing whole, and of considerable size, as, e. g., a mouse. It is easily 

 observed going down, making a moving tumour on tr c fore part, till it 

 comes to the bend of the neck ; then it moves backwards, and although 

 not now to be seen, yet its effects upon the feathers is such, that 

 it makes them separate between the shoulders, and, as it passes on, the 

 feathers close again ; and where the oesophagus enters the stomach, it 

 is a little contracted. 



The stomach is not perfectly a gizzard ; but being of the gizzard kind 

 at one part, just below the entrance of the oesophagus, the duodenum 

 arises from the right and upper part of the stomach. The duodenum 

 makes the usual turn. The pancreas has three ducts : one at one end, 

 the other two at the common end ; one of these two is pretty large, 

 the other small, and enters the duodenum four inches before it makes 

 its third turn, pretty near one another. There are two ducts to the 

 liver : the hepatic is the larger, and enters the duodenum about a 

 \ of an inch from the pancreatic, nearer the second turn, and the cystic 

 about as far on the other turn ; this was seen by passing in bristles, 

 and opening the gut. After the third angle of the duodenum the intes- 

 tine makes a similar turn to it ; then makes another about twice as 

 long, or rather more than a foot, and is rather larger than the others. 

 This last turn adheres to the duodenum, and it is to this last turn that 

 the caeca adhere. The rectum goes on to the anus, is pretty large 

 and loose, and is about a foot in length ; whence it dilates into the 

 anus, but this dilatation or opening of the rectum into the anus is 

 on its lower surface ; not at the upper and anterior part as in other 

 fowls. 



The guts are something like those of the ostrich in this, that the 

 rectum is much longer than in other birds ; and there is a cavity above 

 the anus about three inches in length. The rectum, before it dilates, is 

 villous, but the swell is smooth. 



The testicles are larger and looser than those of a cock ; they lie on 

 the capsulse renales, which are oblong bodies on the upper ends of the 

 kidneys. The vasa deferentia enter the cloaca by two nipples, as in a 

 cock, but are more rounded 1 . The kidneys are much less than in other 

 birds of the same size ; not coming so far back as common, and the 

 ureters enter between the two penises. There are bones in the legs 



1 [Hunt. Prep. Phys. Series, No. 2454.] 



