866 REPTILIA. 



to the back, and the pylorus close to the abdomen, which is the cause 

 of the vena portaruin entering at the edge of the liver. There is a 

 strong and broad mesogaster, which is not attached to the liver trans- 

 versely from the right to the left, but from the edge, where the porta 

 is, backwards towards the oesophagus. Some kinds of seeds or nuts 

 were found in the stomach, and some twigs of trees or shrubs. 



The upper part of the small gut does not pass behind the mesentery, 

 and become bound down as in the quadruped, but becomes loose from 

 the pylorus. The convolutions of the jejunum and duodenum pass 

 behind and below the lower end of the stomach. 



The liver is very much as in the human ; however, it goes higher up 

 at the fore-part, as the lungs do not come so far forwards as in the 

 human subject, or in [mammalian] quadrupeds : it consists of one lobe, 

 extending from the right to the left, convex above, but not so uniformly 

 as in those a nim als which have the diaphragm ; it is concave below in 

 all directions. A small process runs down the right side as low as the 

 testicle, into the tip of which enters the inferior vena cava, which runs 

 up through the substance of the liver, receiving the vena cava hepatica 

 in its passage. It has the falciform ligament, which is very narrow. 

 The gall-bladder is at the lower edge in a notch ; it is a circumscribed 

 bag, having the cystic ducts passing out at its broad side and the cyst- 

 hepatic entering in the same manner. The hepatic duct passes out of 

 the liver on the side of the bladder, running along to the duodenum, 

 which it enters, not an inch from the pylorus, distinctly, not joined by 

 any other duct. The vena porta? and arteries enter the lower edge of 

 the liver, on the left of the gall-bladder : into the same vein passes a 

 vein from the abdominal muscles. 



There is only one pancreas, which lies in the mesogaster close to the 

 pylorus : it is very small and thin, hardly observable, even for the size 

 of the animal; its duct enters the duodenum close to the pylorus 1 . 



The attachment of these viscera to the body is not by broad surfaces, 

 but by broad membranes, which are pretty strong; resembling a 

 mesentery stretched all along the back, and which is double behind the 

 stomach. 



The depressores costarum are very strong, and arise posteriorly from 

 the bodies of the vertebrae. The sternum is but short ; but tbe thoracic 

 part, or ribs, or rather false or short ribs', go low down behind. 



The kidneys are oblong bodies placed behind the rectum near to the 

 anus, at the ter min ation of the abdomen. They receive their vessels 

 as the trunks pass along tbat surface, which is next to the rectum : also 



1 [The spleen is shown in the Hunt. Prep. Ko. 828.] 



