ECHINORHYNCHUS. 485 



of the same animal are often infested by different kinds of worms : e. g., 

 the hnman being has the large round-worm [Ascaris lumbricoides], the 

 tape-worm [ Tcenia Solium and Bothriocephalic latus], and the ascarides 

 \Oaeyurus vermicularis'] 1 . It is probable that situation will often pro- 

 duce the same kind of worms in different animals, and different kinds 

 in the same animal. There are worms which seem to be peculiar to 

 different parts of animals, and perhaps each part may have its kind of 

 worm; e. g., the intestines one kind, the liver another 2 . 



In the wbale there is an insect [Pycnogqnvmi balcenarum~] that buries 

 its head under the skin and sticks there, like the Pediculus pubis in the 

 human body ; and the skin of the whale becomes likewise a fastening 

 place to a species of barnacle 3 . I do not now recollect seeing worms in 

 the intestines of the porpoise ; but in the Eustachian tube, in the cavity 

 of the tympanum, and in the large cellular sinus leading from the 

 tympanum into the surrounding parts, there were thousands of very 

 small worms of the round kind : indeed, in many porpoises these canals 

 are almost filled with them 4 . 



In the intestine of the piked- whale there are many worms of the 

 round kind, some 7 inches long \_Echinorhynchus porrigens], others 

 shorter \Ech. glandiceps], being not above 1 inch long. Their heads 

 are buried in the substance of the intestine, having pierced their way 

 so deep that the heads of some go quite through the coats, and a new 

 substance is formed on the outside, to prevent a communication being 

 made with the general cavity of the abdomen. In some, the head and 

 neck pass in a straight line ; in others the neck is considerably bent, 

 and in various directions. The canal in the coats of the intestines, in 

 which the head and neck he, is thickened and condensed into a kind of 

 cyst ; and at the extremity, where it is enlarged to contain the head, 

 there is a good deal of curdy substance, just opposing the fore-part of 

 the head 5 . Whether this was naturally curdled I do not know, for 



described and figured as the Sipunculus lendix in Ad. Phipps', afterwards Lord 

 Mulgrave, 'Voyage to the North Pole,' p. 194. pi. 13. fig. 1, A — c. See also the en- 

 gravings from Hunterian drawings in plate 14. figs. 7, 8, 9, Physiol. Catalogue, 4to, 

 vol. ii. p. 133.] 



1 [At least ten other species of Entozoa are now known to infest man. See 

 ' Hunterian Lectures on Invertebrata,' 8vo, 1855, p. 57.] 



2 [lb. p. 89, for the extent to which the above idea has been verified ; and how the 

 same Entozoon, at different phases of its metagenesis, may affect particular tissues, 

 and even different animals.] 



3 [Two species, viz. Coronula Diadema, Hunt. Preps. Phys. Series, Nos. 613, 997 ; 

 and Tubicinetta Balmnarum, lb. No. 995.] 



4 [In the examination preliminary to the description of the Hunterian prepara- 

 tion of the organ of hearing in the porpoise, No. 1582, Phys. Catal. vol. iii. p. 121, 

 I found some of the worms here alluded to, and identified them with the Strongyhis 

 minor of Kuhn.] 5 [Hunt. Preps. Phys. Series, Nos. 289 — 294.] 



