OF ANIMALS. 31 



parts, which are not hidden, or do not lie one upon another, but are 

 very much detached and follow one another, or are more in one line or 

 direction, and not compacted. The whole is an oblong body composed 

 of five eminences, with their common basis. 



The two anterior consist of the cerebrum ; the two middle I should 

 suppose of the nates and testes, which I suppose to be the middle lobes 

 detached ; because, in the Bird, they are more underneath, not so much 

 between the cerebrum and cerebellum. The posterior is the cerebellum, 

 consisting of one body entirely. 



It would appear as if the order of size was inverted, viz. the two 

 middle bodies seem to be the nates and testes, yet they are much too 

 large to bear the same proportion as in the higher classes. Every 

 eminence has a cavity or ventricle in it, therefore, in this class, there 

 are five cavities or ventricles. The cavities in the cerebrum are larger 

 than in the others, and are similar to those of the higher classes, i. e. 

 they have a large eminence projecting into the cavity, which is the 

 major part of the brain in the Bird. In the others the cavities seem 

 to be pretty near of the shape of the body or protuberance in which 

 they are ; and they are very large in proportion to the size of the brain. 

 The tunica arachnoides covers almost the whole brain. It does not 

 adapt itself to the eminences and cavities, but is connected with the 

 pia mater by a cellular membrane on its inside, and to the skull, or 

 dura mater, on its outside. 



There are no convolutions on the external surface of the brain, but 

 it is covered smoothly by the pia mater. 



The nerves arising from these brains are very large, nearly as large 

 as in the human. 



There are ten pairs that go out of the skull, and the accessorius 

 joins the ninth pair. 



The first pair are very large at their beginnings, becoming very small 

 at once, which has the appearance as if they arose from two small 

 round bodies. 



Although the Crocodile is classed with the Amphibia, and really 

 comes nearer to that class than to any other that I know of, it has not 

 all the same character, as has been observed. It comes nearer the Bird 

 than any of the other Amphibia [do], and therefore is a degree higher 1 . 



1 [The justness of this observation is confirmed by the systems proposed by many 

 modern naturalists for the classification of the Amphibia of Linnteus. Merrem 

 separates the Crocodiles from the other Sauria of Cuvier, to form a distinct ordei", 

 which he terms ' Loricata.' Latreille also separates the Crocodiles from the Lacertee, 

 but joins them with the Chelonians to form his section Catwphracta. My expe- 

 rienced colleague Dr. Cray joins the extinct Enalioscmrii with the Crocodiles to 

 form his order ' Loricata.' 1 



