260 PSYCHOLOGY. 



are immediately employed upon the machine itself ; as, for instance, 

 circulation, digestion, all acts of secretion immediately necessaiy for 

 the use of the machine, as those producing bile, pancreatic juice, or to 

 relieve the machine, as urine, perspiration, &c. But there are some of 

 the insensible actions that depend upon other causes than simply the 

 stimulus of the machine. Some depend upon the state of the mind, 

 as the secretion of the semen ; others have that dependence only for 

 an increased action, as in the production of tears in grief or even joy, 

 of the juice of the stomach and of the bile, in such affections of the 

 mind as produce sickness. In some cases of affection of the mind from 

 increase of secretion, the body must be under certain predicaments, 

 such as hunger, when the idea of food or the presence of food shall 

 increase the secretion of saliva. 



As the increase of the secretion of the saliva arises from a state of 

 body which is want, called ' hunger,' which, when joined with the idea 

 of the presence of food, produces that state of mind which becomes 

 the immediate cause of the secretion, so the secretion of the semen 

 requires 'repletion' in the body, with the idea or presence of the 

 proper object to produce the due state of mind ; for the want, or the 

 object alone, would not produce the secretion if a certain state of mind 

 was not formed. Those insensible actions arising from the state of 

 bod}-, joined with the idea or presence of the proper stimulus, as food, 

 or a female for instance, producing the state of mind, may take place 

 whether we be asleep or awake ; for as an idea can be formed when 

 asleep, and as the mind can cany out that idea into ideal action, so 

 the real action often takes place upon those occasions, and the saliva or 

 the semen is secreted. When the semen is secreted, it is insensibly 

 carried into the urethra ; but when it has got there, it produces or 

 stimulates the next action or actions immediately arising from it ; but 

 as this is a sensible action, it is capable of waking the person, and he 

 often wakes in the act. 



1 State of mind' is most probably a compound of the state of body or of 

 particular parts, and of sensation. It is what is commonly called ' the 

 feelings of the mind.' The actions arising from the state of mind are 

 ' instinct.' State of mind may arise from state of body only, as hunger ; 

 or from the senses only, as love ; or from both, as love and lust combined ; 

 for these are two different feelings. A man may be in love, while he 

 has no power of lust ; a man may be lustful, and not in love. When a 

 state of mind takes place without the natural leading causes, where 

 reason is [not] called in as a director, it is madness. 



If a state of mind be a compound of sensation and state of body, • the 

 foetus in utero ' can have no such state. If it be a compound of capa- 



