1 8 APES AND MONKEYS 



had scared the monkey out. Failing to find him, he again 

 retired from the horn, but responded to the sounds. He 

 appeared to regard the thing with a kind of superstition. 

 He seemed conscious of the fact that there should be a 

 monkey there, but failing to find it he evinced suspicion. 

 I do not know to what extent he regarded this as a 

 spook, but he evidently realized that it was some unusual 

 thing. 



In this experiment certain facts may be observed. The 

 record delivered to him nothing but the cold, mechan- 

 ical sound. The elements of gesture, etc., were entirely 

 eliminated as factors in the problem, so that the monkey 

 had nothing to interpret except the sound. This would 

 indicate that the speech sound of a monkey as well as 

 that of man carried with it a fixed and constant mean- 

 ing. This conclusion has since been confirmed by ample 

 and varied experiments with mechanical devices of many 

 kinds. 



Among the defects observed in this experiment was the 

 fact that I had not provided a means of recording the 

 sound made in reply to the record. Subsequently I 

 secured another instrument to do this. In this manner 

 I obtained a reply, and thus I had the two cylinders for 

 comparison. In like manner I repeated the experiment 

 of delivering the record with one machine and recording 

 the reply with another, until I had secured records of 

 the speech sounds of nearly all the monkeys in captivity 

 in this country. Taking these records at my leisure, I 

 carefullv compared and studied them, until I was able 

 to interpret nine sounds of the speech of the Capuchin 



