POSTURE OF GORILLA 227 



is called the " calf " of the leg, but in the apes this is very 

 small. However, there is a tendency in the ape to develop 

 that feature. In the human species the calf of the leg 

 appears to belong to the higher types of men. As we 

 descend from the highest races of mankind this charac- 

 teristic decreases, and it almost disappears in the lowest 

 savage. The pygmies and the bushmen have smaller 

 calves than any other men. It is not to be- inferred 

 from this that apes would ever have this feature developed 

 in them by their elevation to a higher plane. So long as 

 they remain apes they will retain this characteristic, which 

 is one of the distinctive features of their apehood. One 

 thing which makes the calf appear smaller in the gorilla is 

 the large size of the muscles about the ankle and the flexi- 

 bility of that joint. Also the fact that the joint of the 

 knee is larger in proportion to the leg makes it appear 

 smaller than it really is. The corresponding parts of the 

 arm are more like those of the human body. 



In a sitting posture the gorilla rests his body upon the 

 ischial bones and sits with his legs extended or crossed. 

 The chimpanzee usually squats, resting the ischial bones 

 upon his heels. He sometimes sits, but more frequently 

 he squats. When in either of these attitudes both kinds 

 usually fold their arms across their breasts. 



The hair of the gorilla is irregular in growth. It is 

 more dense than that of the chimpanzee, but less uniform 

 in size and distribution. On the breast it is very sparse, 

 while on the back it is dense and interspersed with long, 

 coarse hairs. The hair on the arms is long and coarse. 

 The ground color is black, but the extreme end of the hair 



