20 



A US TR A LI AN BOTANY. 



PLATE II. 





3 ' ^A* 



TO 



Fig. i. Fig. 2. Fig. 3. 



Fig. 1. Exogenous stem (showing cross section). 



Dicotyledon — two cotyledons {seed-leaves). — New wood on the out- 

 side formed between the old wood and the bark, and producing two 

 seed-leaves (cotyledons) in early growth or germination. Examples : — 

 Eucalyptus (Australian gum-tree), wattle (Acacia), pine, cypress, sheoak, 

 Australian honeysuckle (Banksia), English honeysuckle (Lonicera), 

 Hakea, Australian heath (Epacris), Erica or common heath, Victorian 

 laurel (Pittosporum undulatum), cherry, plum, apple, peach, orange, 

 geranium, rose, Daphne, Camellia, Rhododendron, etc. etc. 



Fig. 2. Endogenous stem (showing cross section). 



Monocotyledon — one cotyledon {seed-leaf). — New wood developed 

 towards the centre of the plant and producing one seed-leaf (cotyledon) 

 in early growth (germination). Examples : — Cordylines, palms, lilies, 

 orchids, grasses (including wheat, oat, barley, maize, sugar-cane, etc.), 

 hyacinth, tulip, Aloe, Agave, Yucca, asparagus, snowflake, Crocus, 

 onion, Iris, Gladiolus, ixia, etc. etc. 



Fig. 3. Acrogenous stem (showing woody cross section). 



Acotyledon — without cotyledons [seed-leaves). — Produces new wood 

 at the top only. Examples : — Tree ferns. 



This division, which is generally placed under the head of crypto- 

 gams (flowerless plants), includes Filices (ferns), Musci (mosses), 

 Lichens, Algae (seaweeds), Fungi (mushrooms). See chap. 8, p. 56. 



