S YSTEMA TIC B J ANY. 65 



twelve to nineteen stamens fixed to the bottom of the 

 receptacle. Class 1 2 has twenty or more stamens fixed to 

 the inside of the calyx. Class 13 has more than twenty 

 stamens attached to the receptacle. Class 14 has four 

 stamens, two of which are longer than the others. In 

 Class 16 the stamens are united into one set by their 

 filaments, forming a case surrounding the lower part of the 

 pistils, but separated at the top. In Class 17 the stamens 

 are also united by filaments, but are in two bundles, the 

 thicker one forming a case which surrounds the pistil, the 

 smaller one leaning towards the pistil. In Class 18 the 

 stamens are bound by filaments into more than two sets. 

 No. 19 consists of a number of small florets attached to 

 one receptacle, and in one calyx. In Class 20 the stamens 

 are attached to the pistil. The 21st Class has flowers of 

 different kinds on the same plant, some having pistils, 

 others stamens. No. 22 consists of plants having stamens 

 only on one plant, and pistils on another. Class 23 has 

 two, and occasionally three, sorts of flowers on one plant — 

 the first kind have stamens and pistils on the same flower ; 

 the second kind stamens only ; the third kind pistils only. 

 The 24th Class comprises plants with invisible flowers 

 (cryptogams), — to this class belong ferns, mushrooms, sea- 

 weed, mosses, lichens, etc. These classes are further sub- 

 divided into orders, distinguished by the number of pistils, 

 the first ten orders ranging from one to ten pistils. The 

 eleventh order has either eleven or twelve pistils; the 

 twelfth order has over twelve pistils. 



Within these classes and orders Linnaeus placed all 

 plants, the number of orders varying in the different 

 classes. 



E 



