230 ENVIRONMENT OF VERTEBRATE LIFE, ETC. 



been found in the Upper Pennsylvanian of Kansas. "The insect remains 

 thus far obtained do not therefore permit a close correlation of the Birming- 

 ham shales with the Kansas section. It seems probable, however, that the 

 formation is of a somewhat later age than the Leroy shales with the Kansas 

 Coal Measures." The genus Spilohlattina found in Ohio is also found in the 

 deposits at Fairplay, Colorado, regarded by David White from paleobotan- 

 ical evidence as of Permian or late Pennsylvanian. 



The Cassville shale, at the base of the Dunkard, has afforded numerous 

 specimens from the type locality at Cassville, West Virginia. Scudder 

 recognized 6 species and 5 genera, all cockroaches. Only one genus, Eto- 

 blattina, is common to the West Virginia and Kansas localities; no species 

 are common. 



Sellards remarks: 



"The predominance of the cockroach fauna, together with the absence of 

 such advanced types as true ephemerids, leads to the view that the Cassville 

 locality, although Permian, is much older than the Wellington shales of Kansas. 

 [And further] The insects of the Wellington are on the average of small size as 

 compared with Coal Measure insects. This is particularly noticeable among the 

 cockroaches, all of which are small. This dwarfing of the fauna is of interest 

 as probably indicating unfavorable climatic conditions." 



From the Wichita beds of Archer County, Texas, Sellards has described 

 two species of the genus Etohlattina} 



^ Sellards, E. H., Two New Insects from the Permian of Texas, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. 

 No. 146, p. 151, 1911. 



