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Photo and copyright by H. C. White Co. 

 BULGARIAN GIRL IX TH£ NATIONAL COSTUMK I SOFIA, BULGARIA 



The atrocities committed against her Bulgarian subjects by Turkey in 1876 were so 

 terrible and wide-spread that they shocked all Europe into considering ways and means to 

 end them; but the results of their conferences were rejected by the Sultan, and Russia 

 decided to fight the Turks single-handed for the liberation of her kinsmen. The Treaty of 

 San Stefano and the articles of the Congress of Berlin followed, setting up Bulgaria as an 

 autonomous principality, after Russia had reached the gates of Constantinople as a result 

 of her eighteen months' campaign. 



Bulgaria today is largely an agricultural country, and agriculture, still carried on after 

 the primitive fashion of other centuries, for the most part, remains the principal source of 

 wealthy Peasant proprietorship is almost universal, the average Bulgarian farm containing 

 about eighteen acres. The farmers enjoy the right of pasturing their cattle on the commons 

 and of cutting wood for fuel and home building in the State forests. 



The government has made strenuous efforts in recent years to get the peasants interested 

 in education and to introduce improved methods of agriculture and stock breeding. Service 

 in the Bulgarian army is universal and compulsory. The peace strength of the army is about 

 60,000, of whom 3,900 are officers. The strength of the field army is about 280,000 in war 

 times, and the total trained forces of the country approximate 450,000. The German system 

 of military training has been in use for a number of years. 



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