Stewart. I Cretaceous Fishes, 367 



numerous and are larger than those on the superior surface 

 and on the sides. In P. penetrans there is no difference of 

 markings on the superior and inferior surfaces. A part of one 

 of the large teeth at the base of the rostrum is preserved, and 

 presents a smooth, enameled surface and probably anterior and 

 posterior cutting edges. 



A point that I have noticed is, that all of the figures and 

 specimens of this portion show only one tooth, the alveolus for 

 the other seeming to be filled with bone or matrix. This would 

 lead to the belief that these teeth were alternately functional. 

 The rostrum, as a whole, is slightly recurved. 



Range and distribution : Niobrara Cretaceous, Gove county, 

 Kansas. 



Protosphyraena gigas. 



Proto*phyr(cna f/'gas Stewart, Kans. Univ. Quart., vol. vin a, p. — . 



The material upon which this species is based was obtained 

 from the Lisbon shales, Fort Pierre Cretaceous, one mile north- 

 east of Lisbon, Kan., during the summer of 1898. The specimen 

 consists of the distal portion of a pectoral fin-spine, and is inter- 

 esting in showing that this genus persisted into the Fort Pierre 

 group. As only the distal portion of the fin is preserved the 

 length of the fin cannot be determined, but judging from the 

 width near the middle portion of the fragment it must have 

 been larger than P. gladius Cope, which makes it probably the 

 largest member of this family. The catalogue number of the 

 specimen is 338. 



The spine is made up of parallel rods closely placed. Near 

 the center of the fragment there are about twenty-five of these, 

 and probably more in life, as the posterior border is broken 

 away and the exact number cannot be determined. These are 

 broad in the central portion and become more narrow toward 

 the distal extremity, where the spine seems to be regularly 

 rounded on the end. Toward the anterior border the rods be- 

 come much thicker and the border forms a rather blunt cutting 

 edge, which differs from P. gladius, in which this margin is 

 acute. This border is somewhat irregularly notched, the notches 



