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THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



Photograph by International Film Service 



INSPECTING A SECTION OP CHICAGO'S PRFjGPlT TUNNELS 



Chicago up to date has taken the opposite view of her transportation problems from that 

 held in New York. New York puts her merchandise on the surface and her rapid transit 

 below ground. Chicago puts her freight below ground as far as possible and keeps her people 

 on the surface as much as possible. Freight subways connect all the principal business 

 houses with the freight stations. But even then Chicago's teaming traffic is very heavy and 

 a heroic revision of her street system has been demanded. The city has some sixty miles of 

 freight tunnels and some three thousand cars. 



Armour went west and set up their pack- 

 ing plants at Chicago they revolutionized 

 the meat industry of a nation and affected 

 that of the world. 



A steer weighs only a little more than 

 half as much dressed as on the hoof, and 

 a refrigerator car can carry more than 

 twice as much as a stock car. The sav- 

 ing in transportation charges that has 

 resulted from the substitution of the re- 

 frigerator car, with its load of dressed 

 beef, for the stock car, with its load of 

 live cattle, amounts to an enormous total. 



Then comes the economy of the sal- 

 vage of the waste product. The neigh- 

 borhood slaughter-house annually wasted 

 millions of dollars worth of offal that 

 cannot be utilized profitably in small 

 plants. The Chicago packers pioneered 



in the utilization of these wastes, and 

 they have made vast fortunes by saving 

 what formerly was thrown away. 



A TRAVELING HOTEL WITH 26,000,000 

 GUESTS ANNUALLY 



It is no great distance that separates 

 Packingtown from Pullman either on the 

 map or in the relation of the one to the 

 other. Packingtown would be a strictly 

 local affair without the refrigerator car, 

 and Pullman would have no place on the 

 map but for the sleeping car. 



Imagine a hotel with 260,000 beds, 

 2,960 office desks, and a total registra- 

 tion of 26,000,000 guests a year. And 

 imagine it having 8.000 negro porters 

 carrying a stock of linen valued at $2,- 

 000,000 and using some $60,000 worth 



