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THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



A few years ago this store had both 

 horse-drawn and motor vehicles in its 

 delivery service. The question of the 

 relative cost of the two kinds of trans- 

 portation frequently arose, and it was 

 finally decided to put it to the test of ex- 

 pert accounting. The costs for a long 

 period were kept, and when the balance- 

 sheet was made up it was found that the 

 horse had lost out by such a decisive 

 showing that the whole service was mo- 

 torized. 



In times gone by Chicago has been re- 

 garded in the East as a place inhabited 

 by the rough-and-ready type of American 

 more concerned with the amassing of 

 piles of money than with the development 

 of the finer phases of life. When it is 

 remembered that fourscore years ago the 

 city had little more than a name, and was 

 without a railroad or a canal; that it 

 could not boast of a sewer nor of a 

 paved street ; that there were but few 

 sidewalks ; that mudholes deeper than 

 usual were marked by signs reading, 

 ''No bottom here — the shortest road to 

 China !" — when these things are remem- 

 bered, and then with them is contrasted 

 the splendid city, with its world-serving 

 industries, its great business institutions, 

 its wonderful city-betterment plans, its 

 beautiful art institute, its famous musi- 

 cal organizations, its internationally fa- 

 mous universities, one must feel thank- 

 ful that there was a rough-and-ready day 

 in the city's history during which the 

 foundations of culture could be laid deep 

 and lasting. 



With an educational system following 

 the same lines as the New York system, 

 with a financial district that is as solid 

 and as substantial as the rock of Gibral- 

 tar, with a health department that has 

 probably made the most thorough study 

 of the tuberculosis situation ever under- 

 taken by any major municipality, Chi- 

 cago occupies no secondary role among 

 the big cities of the world. 



Chicago's solicitude for the; dsaf 



No city in the country has done as 

 much in the fitting of its deaf children 

 for normal lives as Chicago. The fore- 

 most authorities have long since realized 

 that the only way to teach speech to the 

 deaf in any way that will make it valu- 



able to them is to have them use it out 

 of the class-rooms as well as in school. 

 The child that learns to make use of 

 signs is prone to resort to them, since 

 speech and lip-reading are difficult at 

 first. Such children are in the selfsame 

 boat with the child that studies French 

 in the class-room and leaves it behind 

 elsewhere. Unless one learns to think 

 in French, it takes an effort to use the 

 language. And no child can think in a 

 foreign tongue who utilizes it no further 

 than the class-room. 



Chicago realizes this, and has devel- 

 oped all of her public education of the 

 deaf accordingly. Practically every deaf 

 child is being taught under the more mod- 

 ern system — a system for which the coun- 

 try owes a debt to Dr. Alexander Graham 

 Bell. The city has acknowledged this 

 debt by naming its principal day school 

 for deaf children in his honor.* 



Chicago is a city with a past, whose 

 "I will" spirit has overcome many an 

 obstacle to its progress; a city with a 

 present that meets every test that war or 

 peace puts upon it; a city with a future 

 of the richest promise. 



The late James J. Hill, whose services 

 as a constructive geographer contributed 

 so much to the development of our na- 

 tional resources and the building of our 

 inland empire, understood well the oper- 

 ation of the fundamental laws of geog- 

 raphy, and thereby was able to forecast 

 and capitalize the future. Before he 

 died he declared that within a generation 

 the Pacific coast would be the home of 

 twenty million people, and that Chicago, 

 the cross-roads between the two sea- 

 boards, would have five million. 



One who studies Chicago cannot es- 

 cape the feeling that Hill was a modest 

 prophet and that the city's splendid 

 achievements of yesterday and its won- 

 derful accomplishments of today augur 

 the fulfillment of plans for tomorrow 

 which will be a source of pride to every 

 American. 



* Under the leadership of the "American 

 Association for the Teaching of Speech to the 

 Deaf" (of Washington, D. C.), three- fourths 

 of the deaf pupils in the schools of the United 

 States are being taught the new method of 

 communication, and Illinois' metropolis leads 

 the procession with a ioo per cent enrollment 

 in schools using that method. 



