THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



167 



Sir Charles Brooke, from the time 

 when he entered his uncle's service in 

 1852 until his death, in his 88th year, was 

 loved by his people, and in recent years 

 almost worshipped by them, because of 

 the constant interest he evinced in their 

 welfare. While he endeavored to de- 

 velop trade, he exerted great pains to pro- 

 tect his people against exploitation at the 

 hands of foreigners, whether European 

 or Asiatic. 



On May 17, 191 7, Charles Vyner 

 Brooke (born 1874) succeeded his father 

 as the third Rajah of Sarawak. 



To this day the principle of the gov- 

 ernment has remained as the first Rajah 

 stated it toward the end of his career, "to 

 rule for the people and with the people, 

 and to teach them the rights of freemen 

 under the restraints of government. . . . 

 The wisdom of the white man cannot be- 

 come a hindrance, and the English ruler 

 must be their friend and guide or noth- 

 ing. . . . They are not taught indus- 

 try by being forced to work. They take 

 a part in the government under which 

 they live ; they are consulted about the 

 taxes they pay; and, in short, they are 

 free men." 



The success of the Rajah's efforts was 

 quickly indicated by a large increase in 

 the population through immigration from 

 Dutch and Brunei territory. 



From Kuching there is a short railroad 

 that is gradually being extended up coun- 

 try, but there are few roads, so that travel 

 and trading are mostly confined to coast- 

 wise and river journeys. Jungle pro- 

 duce — various gums, rattans, etc. — conies 

 down the rivers from the interior, while 

 near the capital are many Chinese pepper 

 gardens and some rubber plantations. 

 Gold, coal, and a few other minerals are 

 produced, and in recent years petroleum 

 has been exported in considerable auan- 

 tity. 



Only men of culture and refinement 

 can win the confidence of the native ; for 

 well-bred Malays are noted for their 

 courtesy and good manners, and many of 

 the pagan tribes possess to a remarkable 

 degree the instincts of the gentleman. 

 The Kayans in particular are very quick 

 to resent bad manners, and a gruff, 

 uncivil bearing will produce the same re- 

 sults in a Bornean house as in other parts 

 of the world. 



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Chinese new year's: Sarawak 



A YOUNG KAYAN BEAU 



The hairs of his eyebrows have been pulled 

 out with brass tweezers by the lady whom he 

 loves, thus signifying her deep attachment to 

 him and making him very beautiful. The prac- 

 tical advantage of this detail of courtship ap- 

 pears when one considers how long it will be 

 before Lopit can tell some other girl that she 

 is the first one he has ever loved. 



