274) PALAEONTOLOGY. 



tion there are four or five large and long teeth, followed 

 by several smaller ones. The tail is long, stiff, and slender. 



The Ramphorhynchus longicaudus, R. Oemmingi, and R. 

 Milnsteri belong to this genus. All are from the lithographic 

 (middle oolitic) slates of Bavaria. 



Genus Pterodactylus, Cuv. — The jaws are provided with 

 teeth to their extremities ; all the teeth are long, slender, 

 sharp-pointed, set well apart. The tail is very short. 



P. longirosiris, Ok. — About 10 inches in length ; from 

 lithographic slate at Pappenheim. P. crassirostris, Goldf. — 

 About 1 foot long; same locality (fig. 97). P. Kochii, Wagn. 

 — 8 inches long; from the lithographic slates of Kehlheim. 

 P. medius, Mnst. — 10 inches long ; from the lithographic 

 slates at Meulenhard. P. grandis, Cuv. — 14 inches long; 

 from lithographic slates of Solenhofen. Two small and 

 probably immature Pteroclactyles, shewing the large cranium, 

 short jaws, and unossified sternum, characteristic of such 

 immaturity, have been entered as species under the names of 

 P. brevirostris and P. Meyeri. The latter shews the circle of 

 sclerotic eye-plates. 



The fragmentary remains of Pterodactyle from British 

 oolite — e. g., Stonesfield slate, usually entered as Pterodactylus 

 BucJclandi — indicate a species about the size of a cormorant ; 

 but a portion answering to the half of a ramus of the man- 

 dible, from this locality, measuring nearly 6 inches in length, 

 indicates a much larger species. The crown of one of the 

 teeth is 1 inch 2 lines long, and 4 lines broad at the base. 



The evidences of PterodactyleS from the Wealden strata 

 indicate species about 16 inches in length of body. Those 

 (P. Fittoniy P. Sedgwickii, and P. simus, Ow.) from the upper 

 greensand formation, near Cambridge, with neck-vertebras 2 

 inches long, and humeri measuring 3 inches across the proximal 

 joint, had a probable expanse of wing of from 18 to 20 feet. 

 The P. Cuvieri, Ow., and P. comjjressirostris, Ow., from the 



