LOPHIODON. 3G5 



a structure, the type of which is presented only by the first of 

 the three premolars (fig. 139, j? 2) in the genus Tapirus. 



Years elapsed ere Cuvier obtained clear evidence of the 

 structure of the upper molars of this new fossil Mammal. 

 Such detached teeth as had been obtained from the fresh- 

 water formations near Issel were referred, owing to the way 

 in which they departed from the type of the upper molar 

 teeth of the Tapir, to the genus Rhinoceros. This fact is 

 indicative of the annectant affinities of the Lophiodon in the 

 perissodactyle series. Besides the character of form, the 

 upper molar series of Lophiodon differs, like the lower one, 

 from that in Tapirus, in the greater simplicity of the last two 

 premolars ; these teeth have a single cone on the inner side 

 in Lophiodon; they have there two cones in Tapir us (fig. 139, 

 p 3 and 4 forming the inner terminations of two transverse 

 ridges, as in the true molars. By the modifications of these 

 teeth, Lophiodon indicates the transition to the Ehinoceros 

 type, towards which the Pala3otherium offers the next step. 



Genus Pal^othepjum, Cuv. — This extinct genus of quad- 



Fig. 126. 

 Restoration of the Palceotherium (Eocene Gyps). 



ruped was restored (fig. 126) by Cuvier through a series of 

 admirable inductions, ultimately verified by the discovery of 



