370 PALEONTOLOGY. 



the entire series of the lower teeth is shewn, together with the 

 grinding surface of the three true molars, the last of which 

 (m 3) here supports a third pair of lobes (e). As compared 



j4®mrfp\ with the anoplotherian molar (fig. 128), the 



a IjXjIjQW'. 1 outer lobes (a, b) of that of the Dichodon (fig. 



c ' If d ^^) are ^i^er and sharper; the inner ones 



^f?T^ (c, d) — especially the latter — are developed to 



Upper molar of an ec L ualr ty with the outer ones, and more dis- 



Dichodon. tinctly separated from them. The valley (m) 

 extends across the whole breadth of the tooth, and is crossed 

 at right angles by the fore-and-aft doubly-curved valley (g 

 and i). The extinct species shewing the above characters, and 

 on which the genus was founded,* was nearly the size of a 

 fallow deer : it is called Dichodon cuspidatus, in reference to 

 the number of sharp points on the unworn molars. The 

 dentition indicates that its food may have been of a peculiar 

 character, perhaps not exclusively of a vegetable nature. 



In the same upper eocene formation of Hampshire have 

 been found instructive examples of some smaller members of 

 the extinct anoplotherioid family. 



Genus Xiphodon. — The genus Xiphodon was indicated, 

 and its name proposed, by Cuvier, for a small and delicate, 

 long and slender-limbed, anoplotherian animal, which, in 

 his first Memoir (Annates du Museum, torn, iii., p. 55, 1803), 

 he had called Anoplotherium medium; but he altered the 

 name, in the second 4to edition of the Ossemens Fossiles (torn. 

 iii., pp. 69 and 251, 1822), to that of Anoplotherium gracile. 



The distinction indicated by Cuvier is now accepted by 

 palaeontologists as a generic one, and a second species (Xipho- 

 don Oeylensis) has been added by M. Gervais (Paleontographie 

 Frangaise, 4to, 1845, p. 90) to the type-species, Xiphodon 

 gracilis, of which he figures an instructive portion of the 

 dental series of both jaws, obtained from the lignites of De- 



* Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, tom. iv., 1847, p. 36, pi. 4. 



J 



