238 



The long diameter of the crown is 55 linos; the short diameter, 29 lines. 



A small collection of fossil teeth, from near Pitistown, on the Susquehanna 

 River, in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, now preserved in the Museum of the 

 Academy of Natural Sciences, is of interest on account of the association. 

 The specimens consist of two molars of Equus major, hereafter described, a 

 molar of Bison lalifrons, also to be described, and three first premolars, ap- 

 parently from as many different individuals of Mastodon americanus. Of these 

 one is represented, of the natural size, in Fig. 9, Plate XXVIII. 



ELEPHAS. 



Elephas americanus. 



In the preceding account of the remains of mastodon from near Santa 

 Fe^ New Mexico, those of an elephant are referred to which were found 

 in association with them. There is but one specimen, consisting of the back 

 part of a molar tooth, apparently the last upper one. It is composed of eight 

 unworn lobes, decreasing successively in length. They present the ordinary 

 thin, elongated, palmate appearance, with the digitate extremities curving for- 

 ward and ending in mammillary points. The eight plates occupy a space 

 of 4| inches. The second of the plates is 3f- inches broad near the middle, 

 and when entire was upward of 7 inches in length. 



The specimen is insufficient to determine whether it pertained to a species 

 different from the ordinary Elephas americanus, and it presents nothing pecu- 

 liar. The thickness of the lobes, or double plates, indicates the coarse-plated 

 variety of teeth of the American elephant, named by Dr. Falconer Elephas 

 columbi. 



Since the above was written I have received, from the Smithsonian Insti- 

 tution, for examination some remains of an elephant from Chihuahua. Pro- 

 fessor Baird reports that the remains came from an ancient lagoon-bed at 

 Potos Spring, seventy-five miles south of El Paso, Texas, and were presented 

 to the institution by General Carleton, United States Army. 



The specimens consist of fragments of molar teeth with adherent gravel, 

 and with the exterior cementum much worn away by water action. They 

 indicate the coarse-plated variety of teeth of the American elephant. One 

 of the better preserved specimens consists of the fore part of a last lower 

 molar about one-third worn down. It comprises about eight lobes, or double 

 plates, included in a space of 5f inches. The width of the sixth lobe is 3§ 



