CONTENTS. 



Page. 



Introduction 5 



Cardinal 5 



Distribution and habits 5 



Economic relations 6 



Vegetable food ! 7 



Animal food 13 



Mineral matter 23 



Nestlings 23 



Summary 24 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates eaten 25 



Gray grosbeak 28 



Appearance, distribution, and habitsi 28 



Economic relations 28 



Vegetable food 28 



Animal food 29 



Mineral matter 31 



Summary 31 



List of seeds and invertebrates eaten 32 



Rose-breasted grosbeak i. 33 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 33 



Economic relations 34 



Vegetable food 34 



Animal food 42 



Mineral matter 55 



Nestlings '_ 55 



Summary 57 



List of seeds, fruits, other vegetable substances, and invertebrates 



eaten 58 



Black-headed grosbeak 60 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 60 



Economic relations 60 



Vegetable food 61 



Animal food 68 



Mineral matter 74 



Nestlings 74 



Summary 75 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates en ten 76 



Blue grosbeak 78 



Appearance, distribution, and habits 78 



Economic relations 78 



Vegetable food - 79 



Animal food 81 



Mineral matter 83 



Young 84 



Summary 84 



List of seeds, fruits, and invertebrates eaten 85 



Relations of grosbeaks and other birds to parasitic insects 86 



General conclusion 89 



3 



