DISTRIBUTION. 



Deducting these, there are 58 species of shorebirds that belong to 

 the regular avifauna of North America north of Mexico. Not all of 

 these, however, occur in the United States. The sharp-tailed sand- 

 piper is a regular migrant through Alaska, but is not found elsewhere 

 in North America. The Pacific godwit, bristle-thighed curlew, and 

 Pacific golden plover breed in Alaska and migrate thence to Asia and 

 the Pacific islands. The ringed plover breeds in northeastern North 

 America and migrates to Europe. The turnstone breeds in both 

 northeastern and northwestern Arctic America, but migrates to 

 Europe, Asia, and the Pacific islands without coming regularly to 

 the United States; while the Aleutian and the Pribilof sandpipers 

 both breed and winter in Alaska. A further deduction of these 8 

 species leaves 50 species which regularly visit the United States 

 during some part of the year. 



The shorebirds as a group are far northern breeders. The ma- 

 jority of them breed in the region of the Arctic Circle, and several 

 range north to the known limits of land. The majority do not breed 

 so far south as the United States, and hence are known there only as 

 migrants, or in the winter season. 



Species that Breed Wholly North of the United States. 



Red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) . 

 Northern phalarope (Lobipes lobatus). 

 Dowitcher (Macrorhamphus griseus). 

 Long-billed dowitcher ( Macrorhamphus 



griseus scolopaceus) . 

 Stilt sandpiper {Micropalama himanto- 



pus). 

 Knot ( Tringa canutus). 

 Purple sandpiper (Arquatella maritima). 

 Aleutian sandpiper {Arquatella maritima 



couesi). 

 Pribilof sandpiper (Arquatella maritima 



ptilocnemis). 

 Sharp-tailed sandpiper (Pisobia aurita). 

 Pectoral sandpiper (Pisobia maculata). 

 White-rumped sandpiper (Pisobia fusci- 



collis). 

 Baird sandpiper (Pisobia bairdi). 

 Least sandpiper (Pisobia minutilla). 

 Red-backed sandpiper (Pelidna alpina 



sahhalina). 

 Semipalmated sandpiper (Ereunetes pu- 



sillus). 

 Western sandpiper (Ereunetes mauri). 

 Sanderling (Calidris leucophxa). 



Pacific godwit (Limosa lapponica baueri). 

 Hudsonian godwit (Limosa hsemastica). 

 Greater yellow-legs (Totanus melanoleu- 



cus). 

 Yellow-legs (Totanus flavipes). 

 Wandering tattler (Heteractitis incanus). 

 Buff-breasted sandpiper (Tryngites subru- 



ficollis). 

 Hudsonian curlew (Numenius hudsonicus) . 

 Eskimo curlew (Numenius borealis). 

 Bristle-thighed curlew (Numenius tahiti- 



ensis). 

 Black-bellied plover (Squatarola squata- 



rola). 

 Golden plover (Charadrius dominicus). 

 Pacific golden plover ( Charadrius domini- 

 cus fulvus). 

 Semipalmated plover (Mgialilis semipal- 



mata). 

 Ringed plover (Mgialitis hiaticula). 

 Surf bird (Aphriza virgata). 

 Turnstone (Arenaria interpres). 

 Ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres mo- 



rinella). 

 Black turnstone (Arenaria melanocephala) . 



Species that Breed in Both the United States and Canada. 



Wilson phalarope (Steganopus tricolor). 

 Avocet (Recurvirostra americana). 

 Woodcock (Philohela minor). 

 Wilson snipe (Gallinago delicata). 

 Marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa) . 

 Solitary sandpiper (Helodromas solitar- 



ius). 

 Western solitary sandpiper (Helodromas 



sa litarius cinnamomeus ) . 

 Willet (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) . 



Western willet (Catoptrophorus semipal- 

 matus inornatus). 



Upland plover (Bartramia longicauda). 



Spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularia). 



Long-billed curlew (Numenius america- 

 nus). 



Killdeer (Oxyechus vociferus). 



Piping plover (Mgialitis meloda). 



Black oyster-catcher (Hxmatopus bach- 

 mani) . 



