119 



///. With no definite crimson nor yellow anywhere. 

 p. Introduced birds, not streaked below ; throat black in male. 



Passer, 8. 

 //. Native birds, much streaked below. 



q. Inner claw reaching half way to tip of middle claw ; tail, wings, 

 etc., with much chestnut red ; wings more than 3. 



Passerdla, 17. 

 qq. Olivaceous ; no black nor chestnut ; wings more than 3 ; sec- 

 ondaries not lengthened. . . Female of Carpodacus. 

 qqq. Inner secondaries lengthened, about as long as primaries ; 

 wings less than 3. ..... Passerculus, 9. 



kk. Wings little if any longer than tail. 



r. Tail feathers very slender, rather stiff and sharp pointed. 



s. Sharply streaked below. ..... Melospiza, 15. 



ss. Not streaked below (when adult.) 



t. Crown chestnut in adult (streaky in young) ; no yellow. 



n. Tail rounded ; length about 53^ ; wings and tail less than 2^; 

 Sharply streaked above. . . . Melospiza, 15. 



nu. Tail forked ; length 5 to 6J^ ; wings and tail 2^ to 3. 



Spizella, 12. 

 tt. Crown not chestnut in adult ; head striped ; length more than 6. 



Zonotrichia, 13. 



I. HESPERIPHONA. Bonaparte. 



81. H. VESPERTINA. Bon. Evening Grosbeak. Olivaceous; crown, wings, 

 tail and tibia black; forehead and crissum yellow; bill large, yellowish ; L. 8 ; W. 

 4 J^ ; T. 2^. A winter visitant at irregular intervals about Chicago. {Nelson.) 



2. PINICOLA. Vieillot. 



82. P. ENUCLEATOR. CL.) Vieill. Pine Grosbeak. Male chiefly red; 

 white wing bars; female ashy gray with brownish yellow on head and rump. L. 

 ^Yz j W. 4'/^ ; T. 4. Now a rare visitant north ; formerly more common. {Nelson.) 



CARPUDACUS. Kauf. 



83. C. PURPUREUS. Gray. Puple Fittch. Everywhere streaky ; male flushed 

 with red, most intense on the crown, fading before and behind , female olive brown 

 with no red; bill stout; L. 6; W. 33^; T. 2^. Common winter resident north; 

 rare visitor south. A few remain to breed north ; taken about Indianapolis in 

 spring, and about orchards and woods; a delightful songster. 



4. LOXIA. Linn. Crossbills. 



84. L. CURVIROSTRA, Var. AMERICANA. Coues. Red Ciossbill. 

 Male brick red ; wings unmarked; female brownish olive; L 6; W. 3)3; T. 2^. 

 Rare winter visitant throughout the State. Sometimes breeds in lointer in the pine- 

 clad mountains of the United States. 



85. L. LEUCOPTERA. Gmel. White-winged Crossbill. Male rose red ; white 

 wing bars ; female brownish olive, speckled with dusky ; rump yellow. Like the 

 preceding, an irregular winter resident. Both species were abundant about Cin- 



