ON THE FOSSIL BONES OF THE ELEPHANT OF THE RUSSIANS. 227 



ments of skeletons found at the Villa Borghese, which is close to the 

 Porto del Popolo. 



Baglivi speaks of a skeleton eighteen palms long, exhumed in 1698, 

 from the chalk close to the gate of Ostium. 



In the museum of the Roman College are presented some teeth and 

 fragments of tusks ; one of the latter is almost a foot in diameter. 

 There is a lower jaw there of which I took a drawing. It was found at 

 Monteverdio near Rome, and is remarkable for having its teeth nar- 

 rower and its rows larger than others of the same description. I pro- 

 cured half a jaw from the same place, bearing similar characteristics, 

 which is at present in the King's Museum. Mr. Brochi likewise 

 found a fragment of a skeleton there *. 



The museum of the Roman College is also in possession of a thigh 

 remarkable for its length, of which I also made a drawing. Gualtieri 

 preserves a fragment of ivory found in the neighbourhood of Rome. 



Whatever route we pursue, on leaving that capital if it has been ex- 

 amined by attentive observers, has been found to yield these bones in 

 great abundance. 



Mr. Brocchi mentions fragments of tusks found at Torre di Quinto, 

 near Rome, and at San-Vittorino, near Tivoli f. 



Bonanni speaks of a quantity of large bones, teeth, and lower jaws 

 exhumed in his time, near Castel-Guido on the Aurelian way, twelve 

 miles from Rome +. This is the ancient Bebiana, half way between 

 Rome and Cere. 



Jer-Ambi, Langenmantel speaks of a thigh, a shoulder blade, and 

 five vertebrae found at Vitorchiano, north-east of Viterbo, on the 

 borders of the valley of the Tiber, and on the right bank of that river§. 

 There is extant a dissertation on them by Chiampini ||, which fixes 

 their species by a comparison with the drawings of the skeletons in the 

 museum at Florence. 



The Abbe Ranzani has informed me, that in the museum of the In- 

 stitute of Bologna, there is an elephant's tooth which was found at 

 Mugnano, in the territory of Viterbo, and quite close to Vitor- 

 chiano. It is enveloped in a preperino, a well known volcanic stone. 



Targioni Tozzetti mentions a thigh found in the bed of the river 

 Paglia, near Orvieto^[. 



M. Louis Canali, professor at Perugia**, relates, that within a cir- 

 cuit of a few miles from that city he discovered four depots of those 

 bones : one in a place called Passo del Acqua, five miles to the north, 

 and not far from the Tiber another, which, in addition, contained frag- 

 ments of rhinoceros, in a bed of marine sand, nine miles from that 

 river near Monte del Abate : another at Columbella, five miles to the 



* Brocchi. 



f Conchil. Subaperm. i, p. 183. 

 X Mus. Kirck, p. 200. 

 § Ephem. nat. cur. dec. 



|| Chiampini on the elephant bones found at Viterbo in 1668. 

 % Travels in Tuscany, 2nd. edit., vol. viii, p. 392, 393. 



** See Two Letters containing Observations on some Fossil Elephant Tusks, by 

 Professors Paolo Spadoni and Luigi Canali, Macerata, 1810. 



