314 ON THE FOSSIL BONKS OF PACHYDERMATOUS QUADRUl'EDS. 



received a morsel of the skin, from which the epidermis had heen 



peeled off, and some locks of wool and strong hair. 



The skin is similar to that of the living elephant, but I could not 



distinguish the brown spots, which may be observed in the skin of the 



Indian species. Mr. Adams assures us that the skin, three quarters of 



Avhich he had preserved, was of a deep grey colour. 



With regard to the hair, it is of two, and even of three sorts ; the 



longest are from twelve to fifteen inches in length ; they are of a 



brown colour, and equal in thickness the hairs of a horse's mane. 



The shorter hairs are from nine to ten inches in length ; they are 

 finer, and of a reddish colour. 



The wool, which seems to have garnished the roots of the long hair, 

 is fi'om four to five inches in length. It is very fine, rather soft, and 

 Svomewhat frizzled, particularly near its roots. Its colour is a 

 deep red. 



The coarse hair upon the remains of the skin at Petersburg is worn 

 and short ; but as no animal that we know of has the same description 

 of hair, it is impossible there can be the slightest fraud in this par- 

 ticular. Moreover, besides the evidence of this individual, we have 

 the evidence relative to those of Sarytschev and Patapof, which we 

 have noticed in a former passage. Consequently there cannot be the 

 slightest doubt as to the fact, that the fossil elephant, such as it is 

 found in Siberia, had a covering adapted to a cold climate. 



Mr. Adams tells us that one of the ears of his subject was in good 

 preservation, and garnished with a tuft of coarse hair, but in its 

 present state, such as it appears (plate 17, ab, fig. 1), it is very much 

 altered, and has not a single hair remaining. 



The feet of the Petersburg skeleton are still covered with skin, and 

 have their soles still remaining. M. Tilesius tells us that these soles 

 are rounded, and in a manner dilcted and spread by the weight of the 

 body, so that they curve back again over the edges of the feet, and 

 cover them. There was something similar in the elephant of the 

 menagerie of Versailles, described by M. Perrault. Neither Mr- 

 Adams nor Tilesius specify the number of nails. 



SECTION HI. 



GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE FIRST CHAPTER. 



It follows then from all these researches and all these comparisons, 

 that 



The elephant iv'ith a rounded skull, large ears, Jaw-teeth marked with 

 lozenges on their crowns, which we qualify as the African elephant 

 (elephas AfrieanusJ, is a quadruped exclusively inhabiting Africa. 



We know for certain that it is this species which inhabits the Cape, 

 Senegal, and Guinea; we have reason to believe that it is also to be 

 found along the Mosambique ; but we cannot state it as a positive fact 

 that there are not in the same places some animals of the following 

 species : — 



We have not had an opportunity of seeing, drawiug, or comparing 

 a sufficient number of individuals, to enable us to ascertain whether 



