THE SURFACE OF THE GLOBE. 145 



the department of the Dordogne, the palssotberium occurs not less 

 abundantly than in the gypsum quarries of Paris. 



The Duke de Caze has discovered in the quarries of one field, bones 

 of three species, which appear different from all those of our envi- 

 rons. 



The lophiodons resemble the tapirs still more closely than the palseo- 

 theria do, as their lower grinders have transverse prominences like the 

 tapirs. They differ from them, however, because they have the front 

 teeth more simple, and the back one of all has three prominences, and 

 the upper ones are rhomboidal and ridged similarly to those of the 

 rhinoceros. 



*We are ignorant of the form of their muzzle and the number of 

 their toes. I have discovered exactly twelve species, all in France, 

 embedded in the marly stones, formed by the fresh-water deposites, 

 and filled with lymnese and planorbes, shells which are peculiar to 

 pools and marshes. 



The largest was found near Orleans, in the same quarry as the pa- 

 la?otheria. It closely resembles the rhinoceros. 



There is another smaller species in the same place ; a third is to 

 be found at Montpellier ; a fourth n ear Laon ; two near Buchsweiler, 

 in Alsace ; five near Argenton, in Berri ; and one of the three is again 

 found near Issel, where there are two others. There is also a very 

 large species near Gannat. 



These species differ in size, which in the smallest is scarcely equal 

 to that of a lamb three months old, and in details in the formation of 

 their teeth, which it would be tedious to enter upon here. 



The anoplotheria are at present only found in the gypsum quarries 

 in the environs of Paris. They have two characteristics not observed 

 in any other animals ; feet with two toes, of which the metacarpus 

 and metatarsus are distinct, and not joined in one solid piece, as in 

 ruminating animals ; and teeth in a continuous series, without any 

 space intervening. Man alone has teeth so closely placed without any 

 gap between. Those of the anoplotheria consist of six incisores in 

 each jaw ; one canine and seven grinders on each side, as well above 

 as below; their canine are short, and resemble the exterior incisores. 

 The first three grinders are compressed ; the other four are, in the 

 upper jaw, square, with transverse ridges, and a small cone between 

 them ; and in the lower jaw, shaped like a double crescent, but with- 

 out any prominence at the base. The last has three crescents. Their 

 head is oblong, and does not announce that the muzzle has terminated 

 either with a proboscis or a snout. 



