ON THE FOSSIL BONES OF THE ELEPHANT. 261 



ami anhydrite, mixed with salt. It is known in that country under 

 the name of Lindenberg, and rises a hundred and fifty feet above the 

 level of the plain. They were covered by a layer of clay at least 

 twelve feet thick. 



M. Berger, having accidentally observed a large jaw bone among 

 the stones used for repairing the roads, immediately commenced a 

 search in the neighbourhood of the hill, and with the help of the pro- 

 prietor, M. Rcever, he succeeded in bringing to light this immense 

 depot. It contained no less than eleven tusks ; one of which, eleven 

 feet one inch, or, according to other accounts, fourteen feet eight 

 inches, formed a perfect semicircle. The number of jaws amounted to 

 thirty. Of these, twenty-two have been recognised by M. Strom- 

 beck as resembling in every particular the other fossil jaws of the ele- 

 phant. This mineralogist has set down two of them as belonging to 

 Africa; but we shall see farther on circumstances that may lead us to 

 doubt this assertion. Some of the bones were five feet long *. 



Proceeding onward along the bason of the VVeser, we find an entire 

 skeleton, discovered, in 1742, by Dr. Kcenig at Osterode, under 

 Klausthal, at the foot of the Hartz, which looks towards Gcettingue, 

 in the same spot where they discovered the shoulder blade and radius 

 of a rhinoceros in 1773 f. 



According to the account of M. Blumenbach, similar bones had 

 been discovered in 1724 ; and he states the fact upon the authority of a 

 manuscript memoir. It would appear that they abound in the wide 

 extent of the Hartz. 



According to Schefter +, there were some found in 1663, near 

 Herzberg, and, in 1748, near Mauderode, in the county of Hohen- 

 stein. More recently, in 1803, there were some discovered in the 

 same county, near Steiger-Thal, according to the testimony of Feder §„ 



Mr. Blumenbach, who has furnished me with the preceding facts, 

 has himself described a discovery still more recent. It was made in 

 1808, at the foot of the Hartz, a league from the place where the bones 

 of the rhinoceros described by Hollman had been found. The bones 

 were two feet below the surface in a marly bed, lying between gyp- 

 seous hills. There were four jaws of elephants, and the lower jaw of 

 a hyena, almost perfect ||. 



The bones of Bettenhausen, near Cassel, on the Fulda % as well as 

 those of Hesse in general **, and those of Hildesheimon thelnnersiteff, 

 and those of the neighbourhood of Hildburghausen %%-, also belong to 

 the bason of the Weser. 



M. Grandidier, manager of the Museum of Cassel, lias done me the 



* Strombeck's Notes on the German Translation of the Geology of Breislack, 

 vol. i, p. 428. 



f Brackmann's Epist. in Cent. II. ep. 29, p. 306. 



% Journey to the Hartz, in the collection of Grundig, 



§ Hanoverian Magazine. 



|| Nouv. litter, de Goettingue, 2nd of June, 1808 ; and from a private letter of 

 M. de Bonnard, engin. of the mines. 



% Walch, in Knorr. Monuments, vol. ii, sect, ii, p. 162. 



** Bausch on Fossil Ivory, p. 189. 



•f-f" Idem, ibid. 



XX Keissler's Travels, vol. ii, p. 1360, 



VOL, I, B B 



