416 ON THE FOSSIL CONES OF PACHYDERMATOUS QUADRUPEDS. 



2nd. The head of a one-horned rhinoceros of Java, for which our 

 Museum is indebted to the generosity of the late Adrien Camper, and 

 which is precisely that which has served as the original for the plate 

 of his illustrious father, but which I divested of its ligaments. 



3rd. The jaw-bones of a very young one-horned rhinoceros, also of 

 Java, already represented by Camper, and which I saw and had a 

 drawing made of it anew in the cabinet of his son at Klein-Lankum, 

 near Francker, in Friesland. 



4th. The skeleton of the one-horned rhinoceros of this Java species, 

 an adult, which M. Diard, a correspondent of our Museum, has just 

 sent us from that island. 



5th. The head of a two-horned rhinoceros, which is also that of a 

 young one, which has been for several years in our Museum. And, 



6th. The entire skeleton of an adult two-horned rhinoceros, re- 

 cently brought from the Cape by M. de La'ande. 



To these materials I shall add those supplied me by the Memoir of 

 M. Bell, on the rhinoceros of Sumatra, inserted in the Philosophical 

 Transactions of 1793, part i, page 3 ; and a manuscript Memoir of 

 M. Diard and Duvancel, on this rhinoceros and on that of Java. 



SECTION I. 



OF THE LIVING RHINOCEROS. 



Article I. 



Osteological Description of the One-Horned Rhinoceros of India. 



1. The Head*. 



What is most striking in the form of the head of the one-horned 

 rhinoceros of India, is the pyramidal projection of his cranium ; the 

 occipital bone forms its posterior surface ; the temporal fossae form the 

 sides ; the obliquely ascending continuation of the forehead the an- 

 terior surface ; instead of a point, the summit is a transverse line. 



The occipital bone ascends obliquely from behind forwards, which is 

 peculiar to the rhinoceros, and renders its pyramid almost straight. Even 

 the hog, which has a pyramid nearly similar, has it inclined backwards. 



To this elevation of the back part there is added, in order to render 

 the profile of this animal perfectly distinct, a marked concavity above 

 the eyes, as also nasal bones of an enormous thickness, very massy, 

 and leaving between them and the intermaxillary bones a high and 

 deep fissure. 



The contour of the occipital bone is a semi-ellipse, which widens 



* Besides the figures of heads of rhinoceroses which we give, after nature or 

 copied, in our plate 42, the reader may consult Spix, Cephalogenesis, plate vii, fig. 21, 

 for the one-horned ; and Sparrman, Voyage to the Cape, French Translation, torn, ii, 

 plate iii, for the two-horned. 



