ON THE BOXES OF THE RHINOCEROS. 429 



Sparrnanu gave another in the Memoirs of the Academy of Swedea. 

 for 1778, and in the account of his travels, French translation, torn. ii. 

 It was then known, that besides the number of horns, the rhinoceros 

 of the Cape differs from that of India in its skin entirely wanting these 

 extraordinary folds which distinguish the latter ; but it was Camper 

 who finally determined these two species, by first shewing in his Treatise 

 on the two-horned rhinoceros, that the rhinoceros of the Cape, as Spair- 

 mann also stated, has but twenty-eight molars without incisors, and 

 then in confirming, by his own observation, what Parsons and Dauben- 

 ton had said before him, that the Indian rhinoceros has, in front, inci- 

 sors separated from the molars by an empty space. 



But besides these two species, which are well known, there are some 

 which are less so. 



"William Bell, in the service of the India Company at Bencoulen, 

 described in 1793, in the Philosophical Transactions, a rhinoceros of 

 Sumatra, which had been already [alluded to[ by Charles Miller *, and 

 which seemed to form a third species, and to hold a sort of middle place 

 between the two others ; for it has two horns, and the skin is very little 

 folded, as that of the Cape, and still it has incisors like that of India. 



We give, plate 42, fig. 8, the copy of the cranium, drawn by M. 

 Bell : it is that of rather a young animal, for it has only six molars as 

 yet come out. 



We also give, plate 42, fig. 2, a cranium of an animal a little older, 

 of the one-horned rhinoceros of Java, which resembles very much this 

 two-horned rhinoceros of Sumatra ; it is the same as that already 

 described by Camper in a separate plate, and which M. Blumenbach 

 had copied (Abbild. cap. 1, plate vii) ; but we disencumbered it of its 

 ligaments and horn, in order to have a new drawing taken of it. 



Its last molar tooth just pierced the alveolus, and did not yet begin 

 to be worn. 



On comparing it to that of Sumatra, we find that the latter has the 

 posterior angle of the lower jaw more obtuse, and the ascending ramus 

 narrower, which might be owing to the less advanced development of 

 its teeth ; that the bones of the nose, which carry the first horn, are 

 less raised, and that the incisive bones are more curved towards the 

 lower part, and have not that small angle projecting forward, which is 

 observable in the one- horned. 



Neither do we see, in M. Bell's figures, traces of small interme- 

 diate incisive teeth below, nor their alveoli, nor does he speak of them 

 in his description ; but as this was very much abridged, one might 

 suspect that is was forgotten, and, in fact, the existence of these small 

 teeth has been recently ascertained in Sumatra, by M.M. Duvaucel 

 and Diard. 



It was then obvious, from this first examination, that the differences 

 of these two craniums were really less than those which might have 

 been remarked between the cranium of a young one-horned rhinoceros 

 of Java, and that of the Indian one-horned, an adult, which we repre- 

 sent separately, plate 42, fig. 1 , the skeleton of which we have also de- 



* Apud Pennant, Hist, of Quadrup., 3rd. edit, i, 152. 



