EXPULSION OF THE JESUITS. 21 



Acapulco, on which was found the chart containing, as far as is known, 

 the first indication of the existence of the Hawaiian Islands." Anson 

 had been sent from England in 1740 to annoy the Spaniards in the 

 South Seas. After having lost most of his men from scurvy, he 

 crossed the Pacific in the only remaining ship out of his squadron of 

 eight vessels, the Centurion. He found the island of Tinian nearly 

 deserted and overrun with wild cattle and wild hogs. He gives a 

 glowing account of the beauty of the island, but this was declared by 

 Byron, who afterwards visited the island, to be overdrawn. 



DE PAGES. 



In 1768 Guam was visited by the French traveler, De Pages, who 

 was a passenger on the galleon that brought Don Enrique de Olavide y 

 Michelena. Don Enrique was about to begin a second term as gov- 

 ernor of the Mariannes, relieving Don Jose de Soroa. In De Pages's 

 narrative 6 he gives a vivid account of his trip from Acapulco to 

 Guam, describing the conditions on board the galleon, the character 

 of the passengers and cargo, the courses steered, and the weather 

 encountered. At Guam he saw the breadfruit for the first time, and 

 he speaks of the habit of betel chewing, to which the natives were 

 addicted, describing the areca nut and the betel pepper. As an illus- 

 tration of the isolated state of Guam, he states that it had been eight 

 years since a vessel from Manila had touched at the island. 



EXPULSION OF THE JESUITS. 



A year after the arrival of Olavide the Jesuit missionaries were 

 expelled from the Mariannes by the edict of the King of Spain, Carlos 

 III, dated February 27, 1767. It was this King who joined France 

 in sending assistance to the American colonies during their struggle 

 for independence. The Jesuits had been in the islands for a century, 

 and whatever may have been the harsh means by which they were 

 established there, they had won the love and confidence of the natives, 

 and were kind and just in their dealings with them, protecting them 

 when necessary against acts of cruelty, injustice, and oppression on 

 the part of the military authorities, 6 and never exacting services from 

 them without due compensation. A school for the education of native 

 children had been established shortly-after the death of Padre Sanvi- 

 tores under the name of "Colegio de San Juan de Letran," and had 

 been endowed with a fund yielding 3,000 pesos a j^ear by Maria Anna 



a See Lord Anson's Voyage Bound the World, 1748. 



t J De Pages, Travels Round the World (English translation), 1791. 



c Among the official papers in the archives at Agana are the proceedings of several 

 " residencias, " or courts of inquiry, held at Agana for the trial of governors and 

 officers composing their staff. In these trials the padres represented the interests of 

 natives who might have cause for complaint against the authorities. 



