PLESiosAimii)^;. 213 



a large proximal trochanter, and articulating distally with only the 

 radius and ulna, which were probably of the type of those of the 

 next species. 



The skeleton described as Mauisaurus gardneri, from the Folke- 

 stone Gault, has precisely similar anterior cervicals ; while posterior 

 cervicals and dorsals from the Upper Chalk of the shores of the Baltic 

 described by Schroder under the names of Plesiosaurus helmerseni 

 and Pliosaurus ? gigas cannot be distinguished from the corre- 

 sponding vertebrae of the former. The name P. liehnerseni was 

 applied to vertebrae and limb-bones from the "osteolite" (? Gault) 

 of Moscow, some of which indicate smaller individuals. 



The absence of any possibility of specifically distinguishing the 

 forms to which the above-mentioned names have been applied 

 renders their inclusion under a single specific name a necessity. 

 Kiprijanoff, from the analogy of Plesiosaurus homalospondylus, 

 places the number of cervical vertebras at about 40. 



Hah. Europe (England, Eussia, and Sweden). 



25842-3. The imperfect and somewhat crushed centra of two 

 (Fig.) anterior cervical vertebras ; from the Chalk of Sussex. 

 The types. The smaller and least imperfect specimen 

 (25842) is figured by Owen in Dixon's ' Geology of Sussex/ 

 pi. xxxvii. figs, vi., vii. Its dimensions are : — length 

 0,057 (2-26 inches), height 0,042 (1-64 inches), width 

 0,056 (2*2 inches) ; it is probable that the excessive 

 expansion of the extremities is due to pressure. The 

 second specimen is larger, and lacks this great terminal 

 expansion ; both examples are adult. They are noticed 

 by Cope in an advance separate copy from the 'Trans. 

 Amer. Phil. Soc' vol. xiv. pt. i. p. 42, where they are 

 referred to the caudal region (see C. haasti, p. 215) ; but 

 this notice was omitted in the subsequent issue. 



Dixon Collection. Purchased, 1851. 



47295. A considerable portion of the skeleton ; from the Gault of 

 (Fir/.) Folkestone, Kent. The type of Mauisaurus gardneri. 

 The series comprises one tooth, about 60 vertebrae, more 

 or less imperfect, an imperfect humerus and femur, and a 

 phalangeal. The tooth, a middle cervical, a late cervical, 

 a " pectoral," and a dorsal vertebra, and the phalangeal 

 are figured by Seeley in the ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc/ 

 vol. xxxiii. pi. xxiii. The tooth is slender and of tho 

 ordinary Plcsiosaurian type. The first of the cervicals now 

 remaining is short, the dimensions of its centrum being : — 



