156 
CARNIVORA. 
37348. Cast of the right ramus of the mandible. The original of 
this specimen was obtained from the Middle Miocene of 
Monte Bamboli, Tuscany, and is believed to be preserved 
in the Museum at Pisa. The specimen contains the 
canine, the third and fourth premolars, and the three true 
molars. It is described and figured by Meneghini in the 
Atti. Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat.-vol. iv. p. 18, plo 12a isco) 
under the name of Amphicyon laurillardi. P. Gervais 
has, however, in the ‘ Zoologie et Paléontologie Générales,’ 
ser. 2, p. 22 (1876), referred it to Hyanarctos. The 
teeth agree exactly with those of that genus, the carnas- 
sial being of the same form as that of H. paleindicus ; 
but pm. 41s relatively larger and pm. 3 inserted by one 
fang, as in H. punjabiensis. The Italian jaw is, how- 
ever, greatly inferior in size to either of the three Indian 
species. The fourth premolar is a. characteristic tooth, 
and wants the cusps which occur on the posterior border 
in Amphicyon and Canis. 
It is possible that this specimen really belongs to a new 
species of Hycnarctos; but it is also possible that it may 
belong to Dinocyon, since the upper jaw figured by P. Ger- 
vais in the Zool. et Pal. Frangaises, 2nd ed. pl. Ixxxi. 
figs. 8, 9, under the name of Hycnarctos hemicyon, has been 
shown by the present writer, in the ‘ Paleontologia Indica,’ 
ser. 10, vol. i. p. 202, to probably belong to Dinocyon; 
and the Italian jaw indicates an animal of about the same 
size. Unfortunately, pm. 4 of Dinocyon hemicyon is un- 
known; and until that tooth be discovered it is impossible 
to say whether the present specimen may not have 
belonged to that genus or species. Purchased, 1868. 
Hyzenarctos, sp. 
Hab. China. 
98588. The second right lower true molar, in a partially worn 
(fig.) 
condition ; from the Pliocene (?) of South China. This 
specimen (woodcut, fig. 23) agrees exactly in size and 
general contour with the corresponding tooth of H. punja- 
biensis; the cusps and ridges are, however, somewhat less 
prominent, and the central depression on the posterior 
half is flatter. The specimen is insufficient for determining 
whether the species to which it belongs is distinct from one 
of the Siwalik species; but the occurrence of the genus in 
China (assuming that the tooth was not imported into 
