RHIXOCEROTID.E. 145 



Rhinoceros incisivus (Kaup 1 ). 



Syn. Aceratherium incisivum, Kaup 2 . 

 Rhinoceros tetradactylus, Lartet 3 . 



As it seems doubtful what the Rhinoceros incisivus of Cuvier 4 

 (which according to Kaup 5 was founded on specimens from the Lower 

 Pliocene of Weissenau, near Mayence) really is, it appears advisable 

 to take Kaup's Eppelsheim specimens as the type of the species. 

 Gervais 6 identifies with this form the Middle Miocene R. tetra- 

 dactylus of Lartet, but Gaudry ' considers it distinct, and says the 

 nasals are rather larger ; this, however, may be merely a racial 

 character, and in the absence of any other distinctive differences 

 Gervais's view is provisionally adopted. Gaudry 8 provisionally 

 refers to the Eppelsheim species some specimens from Pikermi, in 

 which the canines are very large and closely approximated and the 

 lower incisors absent. If this reference be correct the species ranged 

 from the Middle Miocene to the Lower Pliocene 9 . 



Dentition : — Usually I. \, C. ^, Pm. J, M. | ; in the Pikermi form 

 provisionally referred to this species the lower incisors are wanting. 

 The upper cheek-teeth closely resemble those of R. schleier?nacheri, 

 but there is a slight external cingulum to the true molars, while the 

 premolars have a strongly marked inner cingulum, and there is a 

 small talon on the posterior surface of m. 3 ; pm. 4 has but two costae. 

 The lower canines are larger and curve more sharply upwards. The 

 manus has four digits. 



Hah. Europe. 



M. 2788. Cast of the cranium and mandible. The original is from 



the Upper Miocene of Eppelsheim, Hessen-Darmstadt, and 



is figured by Kaup in the Oss. Foss. d. Darmstadt, pt. 3, 



pi. x. fig. 2. Purchased. 



1 Isis, 1832, p. 898 ; Aceratherium. 



2 Loc. cit. 



3 Notice sur la Colline de Sansan, p. 28 (1853). The name does not occur in 

 ' Comptes Kendus,' vol. iv. p. 88 (1837). 



4 Ossemens Fossiles, 2nd ed. vol. ii. pt. i. p. 93 (1822). 



5 Oss. Foss. d. Darmstadt, pt. 3, p. 49 (1834) ; and ' Beitrage,' 1st ed. pt. i. 

 p. 1 (1854). 



6 Zool. et Pal. Francaises, 2nd ed. p. 101 (1848-52). 



7 Les Enchainements, &c.— Mamm. Tert. p. 47 (1878). 



8 Ibid. p. 51, fig. 46. 



9 Filhol (Ann. Sci. Geol. vol. viii. art. 1, p. 126) provisionally referred to 

 R. tetradactylus certain specimens from the Quercy phosphorites ; but it is 

 more probable that they belong to R. lemanensis {vide infra, p. 152). 



PART III. L 



